ANDISA SHABRINA, . (2017) AKTIVITAS BIOKONTROL KHAMIR ASAL DAUN BINTARO (Cerbera manghas L.) TERHADAP KAPANG PERUSAK PADA BUAH APEL MALANG (Malus sylvestris Mill.) PASCAPANEN. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.
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Abstract
Buah apel seringkali mengalami kerusakan pascapanen akibat diserang oleh kapang. Kapang perusak yang menginfeksi buah apel saat pascapanen diantaranya adalah Aspergillus sp., Penicilium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, dan Venturia sp. Pengendalian kapang patogen menggunakan fungisida menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi kapang perusak buah apel. Alternatif pengganti fungisida salah satunya dengan penggunaan khamir sebagai agen hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi isolat khamir dari daun bintaro dalam menghambat pertumbuhan kapang perusak pada buah apel serta melakukan identifikasi kapang perusak dan khamir potensial berdasarkan daerah sekuensing ITS rDNA. Sampel buah apel berasal dari Pasar Perumnas, Klender, Jakarta Timur. Isolasi dilakukan dengan teknik tanam langsung. Sebanyak 18 isolat kapang berhasil diisolasi dari buah apel bergejala busuk. Uji patogenitas dilakukan dengan menginfeksikan kembali kapang hasil isolasi yang bersporulasi ke buah apel segar. Kapang A. brasiliensis sensu lato strain A1 (nilai KP 100%; KeP 50%) dan A. flavus sensu lato strain A17 (nilai KP 100%; KeP 31,25%) merupakan kapang paling perusak. Khamir Rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain T1 dan dua isolat baru yang masih berhubungan dekat dengan Aureobasidium pullulans (strain T3 dan T4) positif antagonisme dengan metode dual culture. Hasil uji biokontrol menunjukkan bahwa ketiga isolat khamir tersebut mampu mereduksi pertumbuhan A. brasiliensis dan khamir strain T1, T3 mereduksi pertumbuhan A. flavus. Mold is one of causal agents of postharvest diseases in apples. These include Aspergillus sp., Penicilium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Venturia sp. Fungicide application in controlling postharvest diseases causing several problems such as fungal resistance, environmental pollution and health. Therefore, it is important to seek alternative solution which is safe to human and environment, such as biocontrol. The aims of this study were to examine biocontrol activity of yeast isolated from bintaro leaves in inhibiting the growth of fungal postharvest diseases in apples and to determine the identity of these yeasts by using molecular phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequencing from the ITS rDNA region. Samples of apples were collected from Perumnas Traditional Market, Klender, East Jakarta. Isolation was done by using direct isolation techniques. A total of 18 fungal isolates have been isolated from symptomatic apples. Pathogenicity assay showed that A. brasiliensis sensu lato strain A1 (KP value 100%; KeP 50%) and A. flavus sensu lato strain A17 (KP value 100%; KeP 31.25%) exhibit highest activity in deleterious apple fruits. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain T1 and two isolates of Aureobasidium c.f. pullulans (strain T3 and T4) showed highest antagonism activity against the fungal pathogens. Biocontrol assay showed that yeast isolates were capable to reduce the growth of A. brasiliensis and isolates T1 and T3 were capable to reduce the growth of A. flavus.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 1) Dr. Dalia Sukmawati, M.Si 2) Iman Hidayat, M.Sc., Ph.D |
| Subjects: | Sains > Ilmu Bumi > Biologi |
| Divisions: | FMIPA > S1 Biologi |
| Depositing User: | sawung yudo |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Mar 2022 06:10 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Mar 2022 06:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/25564 |
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