ANALISIS PENGARUH KONSUMSI, INVESTASI, DAN EKSPOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA MASA PANDEMI TAHUN 2020-2021

AQILLA FADIA HAYA, . (2022) ANALISIS PENGARUH KONSUMSI, INVESTASI, DAN EKSPOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA MASA PANDEMI TAHUN 2020-2021. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Pandemi COVID-19 mempengaruhi setiap aspek kehidupan secara global, dan Indonesia adalah salah satunya. Selanjutnya, dampak pandemi tidak hanya di bidang kesehatan, tetapi juga di bidang ekonomi dan sosial. Kerugian akibat pandemi banyak, mulai dari kerugian sektor mikro hingga kerugian sektor makro. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak konsumsi, investasi dan ekspor terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia selama masa pandemi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan aplikasi statistik E-Views 9. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel, dalam uji regresi berganda data panel untuk 34 provinsi di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dari Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia dan Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia, yang berisi data riset konsumsi rumah tangga, realisasi penanaman modal dalam negeri (PMDN), penanaman modal asing (PMLN), dan volume ekspor untuk 34 provinsi di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi swasta, investasi asing langsung, dan ekspor berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia, sedangkan investasi domestik berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Pada saat yang sama, hubungan antara konsumsi rumah tangga, investasi asing langsung, investasi langsung, dan ekspor dapat menjelaskan pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui pendekatan pengeluaran yang mengecualikan pengeluaran pemerintah dan impor. Hasil model random effect menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh terbesar masing-masing berasal dari PMLN, ekspor, konsumsi rumah tangga dan PMLN. Pasalnya, aktivitas ekonomi akibat pandemi kemungkinan besar akan digunakan untuk mendorong belanja di aktivitas manufaktur, yang dikenal sebagai investasi asing langsung. Apalagi, ekspor menjadi penyumbang pertumbuhan ekonomi terbesar kedua di masa pandemi. PMDN berdampak negatif dengan meningkatnya jumlah investasi yang direalisasikan pada masa perlambatan pertumbuhan ekonomi di masa pandemi, selain menurunnya aktivitas manufaktur dan distribusi yang menyebabkan investor dan investor mengurangi investasinya di beberapa sektor, sehingga menimbulkan ketimpangan selama periode tersebut. Furthermore, the impact of the pandemic is not only in the health sector, but also in the economic and social spheres. The losses from the pandemic are many, ranging from micro-sector losses to macro-sector losses. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of consumption, investment and exports on Indonesia's economic growth during the pandemic. The study was conducted using quantitative methods, using the statistics application, E-Views 9. The analytical technique used was panel data regression, in a multiple regression test, panel data for 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data used in this study are secondary data from the Ministry of Commerce of the Republic of Indonesia and the Ministry of Commerce of the Republic of Indonesia, which contains research data on household consumption, domestic investment (DI) realization, foreign direct investment (FDI), and export volumes for 34 provinces in Indonesia. The findings show that private consumption, foreign direct investment, and exports have a significant positive impact on Indonesia's economic growth, while domestic investment has a significant negative impact on Indonesia's economic growth. At the same time, the relationship between household consumption, foreign direct investment, direct investment, and exports can explain economic growth through an expenditure approach that excludes government spending and imports. The results of the random effects model show that the largest effects come from FDI, exports, household consumption and FDI, respectively. This is due to the fact that economic activity due to the pandemic is most likely to be used to encourage spending in manufacturing activity, known as foreign direct investment. Furthermore, exports are the second largest contributor to economic growth during the pandemic. DI had a negative impact as the number of investments realised during the downturn in economic growth during the pandemic increased, in addition to the decline in manufacturing and distribution activities causing investors and investors to scale back their investments in several sectors, leading to inequality during the pandemic.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information: 1). Prof. Dr. Sri Indah Nikensari, SE., M.SE. 2). Prof. Dr. Siti Nurjanah, M.Si.
Subjects: Ilmu Sosial > Statistik
Ilmu Sosial > Teori Ekonomi
Ilmu Sosial > Sejarah Ekonomi, Kondisi Ekonomi
Ilmu Sosial > Keuangan
Ilmu Sosial > Keuangan Negara
Ilmu Sosial > Kondisi Sosial,Masalah Sosial,Reformasi Sosial
Divisions: FE > S1 Pendidikan Ekonomi
Depositing User: Users 14667 not found.
Date Deposited: 28 Jul 2022 06:27
Last Modified: 28 Jul 2022 06:27
URI: http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/32135

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