INDUKSI TUNAS KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. MEDIAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BAP, IAA, NAA, DAN TDZ SECARA IN VITRO SERTA GA3 SECARA EX VITRO

SHAFIRA SYAWALIA, . (2022) INDUKSI TUNAS KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. MEDIAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BAP, IAA, NAA, DAN TDZ SECARA IN VITRO SERTA GA3 SECARA EX VITRO. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Kentang cv. Median merupakan kentang hasil persilangan cv. Atlantik dengan klon asal CIP yaitu 39328.39 yang cocok sebagai kentang olahan. Kultivar Median dibudidayakan oleh petani karena keunggulannya yaitu berumur pendek, adaptasinya luas, hasil produksi cukup tinggi, bentuk umbi oval, memiliki sg (specific gravity) sebesar 1.07-1.08%, dan gula tereduksi sebesar 0.03%. Berdasarkan sifat-sifat keunggulan tersebut, kultivar Median diharapkan mampu mengganti kultivar Atlantik sebagai kentang olahan, sehingga diperlukan penelitian perbanyakan bibit baik secara ex vitro maupun in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi optimum GA3 untuk perbanyakan tanaman kentang secara ex vitro dan IAA, NAA, TDZ, dan BAP secara in vitro. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 2 percobaan yang saling berkaitan. Percobaan pertama yaitu induksi tunas kentang secara ex vitro dan evaluasi pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman kentang di rumah kaca. Percobaan kedua yaitu induksi tunas, induksi kalus dan multiplikasi tunas kentang secara in vitro. Hasil induksi tunas secara ex vitro menggunakan GA3 dengan konsentrasi 20 mg/l menghasilkan rerata terbaik jumlah tunas (7.90±1.91), sedangkan tanpa GA3 menghasilkan rerata terbaik pada jumlah daun (86.70±6.72), jumlah buku (29.90±62.86) dan tinggi tanaman (20.97±5.46). Berdasarkan hasil uji DMRT 5% menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata pada perlakuan 20 mg/l (19.5±1.43) dan tanpa GA3 (62.10±3.70) terhadap jumlah daun. Hasil induksi tunas secara in vitro menunjukkan 0.22 mg/l TDZ + 0.175 mg/l IAA + 30 g/l sukrosa menghasilkan rerata terbaik tinggi tunas (1.46±0.12 cm) dan 0.22 mg/l TDZ + 0.175 mg/l IAA + 60 g/l sukrosa menghasilkan rerata terbaik jumlah tunas (2.10±0.69) dan jumlah akar (4.40±1.08). Hasil induksi kalus secara in vitro menunjukkan 1.5 mg/l BAP + 3 mg/l NAA + 30 g/l sukrosa menghasilkan rerata terbaik jumlah kalus (12.90±0.64) dan diameter kalus (1.50±0.14). Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi mengenai kombinasi ZPT yang optimal dalam perbanyakan tanaman kentang cv. Median yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai kultivar alternatif kentang olahan pengganti cv. Atlantik. ***** 39328.39 from CIP which is suitable as raw material for industrial potatoes. Median cultivars are cultivated by farmers because of their advantages, there are short life, wide adaptation, high yields, tuber shape, has a sg (specific gravity) of 1.07-1.08% and a reduced sugar of 0.03%. Based on this, Median cultivar is expected to be able to replace Atlantic cultivars as industrial potatoes and can be propagated ex vitro and in vitro. The aims of this study are to determine the optimum concentration of GA3 for ex vitro propagation and IAA, NAA, TDZ, and BAP for in vitro propagation. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD), the study consisted of 2 interrelated experiments. The first experiment was ex vitro potato shoot induction and evaluation of vegetative growth of potato plants in a greenhouse. The second experiment was the in vitro shoot induction, callus induction and multiplication of potato. The results of ex vitro shoot induction using GA3 with a concentration of 20 mg/l resulted in the best average number of shoots (7.90±1.91), while without GA3 the best average was the number of leaves (86.70±6.72), number of nodes (29.90±62.86), and height plants (20.97±5.46). Based on the results of the DMRT 5% test, it showed that there was a significant effect on the treatment of 20 mg/L (19.5±1.43) and without GA3 (62.10±3.70) on the number of leaves. The results of in vitro shoot induction showed that 0.22 mg/L TDZ + 0.175 mg/l IAA + 30 g/l sucrose produced the best average shoot height (1.46±0.12) and 0.22 mg/L TDZ + 0.175 mg/l IAA + 60 g/l sucrose produced the best average number of shoots (2.10±0.69) and number of roots (4.40±1.08). The results of in vitro callus induction showed that 1.5 mg/l BAP+3 mg/l NAA+30 g/l sucrose produced the best average total of callus (12.90±0.64) and callus diameter (1.50±0.14). The results of this study provide information about the optimal combination of PGR in potato cv. median that can be developed as an alternative cultivar potato as raw material for industrial potatoes that can be substitute Atlantic cultivar.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information: 1). Dr. Reni Indrayanti, M.Si. ; 2). Dr. Ali Husni, M.Si.
Subjects: Sains > Sains, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Sains > Botani
Divisions: FMIPA > S1 Biologi
Depositing User: Users 15627 not found.
Date Deposited: 15 Sep 2022 03:06
Last Modified: 15 Sep 2022 03:06
URI: http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/35788

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