PEMBUATAN ALAT PULTRUSI FILAMENT 3D PRINTING DARI LIMBAH BOTOL PLASTIK POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE

IKHKAM SUDRAJAT BAYU AJI, . (2025) PEMBUATAN ALAT PULTRUSI FILAMENT 3D PRINTING DARI LIMBAH BOTOL PLASTIK POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Masalah lingkungan akibat limbah plastik, khususnya botol Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), menjadi isu serius karena rendahnya tingkat daur ulang, sementara harga filamen 3D printing yang relatif mahal menghambat pengembangan teknologi manufaktur aditif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat mesin pultrusi filamen 3D printing berbasis limbah botol plastik PET serta menguji kinerjanya dalam menghasilkan filamen yang memenuhi standar industri. Metode yang digunakan meliputi perancangan dengan perangkat lunak CAD (Autodesk Inventor), manufaktur komponen menggunakan teknologi 3D printing, perakitan mesin, dan pengujian kinerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mesin mampu menghasilkan filamen dengan diameter rata-rata 1,75 mm dan deviasi ±0,03 mm, memenuhi toleransi standar industri sebesar ±0,05 mm. Kondisi operasi optimal dicapai pada suhu ekstrusi 190°C, kecepatan penarikan 3 RPM, dan diameter nozzle 1,7 mm, yang menghasilkan produktivitas 12,49 meter filamen per jam dan debit material 8,345 mm³/s. Satu botol plastik PET berkapasitas 1.500 ml dapat diolah menjadi sekitar 5 meter filamen dalam waktu 24 menit dengan konsumsi energi sebesar 59,5 Watt dan estimasi biaya operasional sekitar Rp34,92 per botol, berdasarkan tarif listrik PLN Rp1.467,28/kWh (golongan R-1/TR 900 VA, Permen ESDM No. 1 Tahun 2024). Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa mesin pultrusi yang dikembangkan efektif mendaur ulang limbah plastik PET menjadi filamen 3D printing yang berkualitas, ekonomis, dan ramah lingkungan, serta berpotensi diterapkan di skala rumah tangga atau usaha mikro sebagai solusi inovatif pengelolaan limbah sekaligus penyedia bahan baku cetak 3D.***** Plastic waste, particularly from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles, poses a serious environmental issue due to low recycling rates, while the relatively high cost of 3D printing filament hinders the development of additive manufacturing technology. This research aims to design and fabricate a 3D printing filament pultrusion machine using PET bottle waste and to evaluate its performance in producing filament that meets industrial standards. The methods employed include design using CAD software (Autodesk Inventor), component fabrication with 3D printing technology, machine assembly, and performance testing. The results show that the machine is capable of producing filament with an average diameter of 1.75 mm and a deviation of ±0.03 mm, meeting the industrial tolerance standard of ±0.05 mm. Optimal operating conditions were achieved at an extrusion temperature of 190°C, a pulling speed of 3 RPM, and a nozzle diameter of 1.7 mm, yielding a productivity rate of 12.49 meters of filament per hour and a material flow rate of 8.345 mm³/s. A 1,500 ml PET bottle can be processed into approximately 5 meters of filament in 24 minutes, with an energy consumption of 59.5 Watts and an estimated operating cost of IDR 34.92 per bottle, based on the national electricity tariff of IDR 1,467.28/kWh (R-1/TR 900 VA category, Ministry of Energy Regulation No. 1/2024). This study demonstrates that the developed pultrusion machine is effective in recycling PET plastic waste into high-quality, economical, and environmentally friendly 3D printing filament, with promising applications at household or micro-enterprise scale as an innovative solution for waste reduction and low-cost filament production.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. Ahmad Kholil, M.T. ; 2). Drs. Syaripuddin, M.Pd.
Subjects:	Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Lingkungan, Teknik Sanitasi Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Mesin, Mekanika Teknik Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Manufaktur
Divisions:	FT > S1 Pendidikan Teknik Mesin
Depositing User:	Ikhkam Sudrajat Bayu Aji .
Date Deposited:	08 Aug 2025 02:59
Last Modified:	08 Aug 2025 02:59
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/58428

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