STRATEGI ADAPTASI DALAM MENGHADAPI KEBIJAKAN PEMBERLAKUAN TES KEMAMPUAN AKADEMIK (TKA) DI SMPN 99 JAKARTA

ZAHRA AQUILLA MASKAR, . (2026) STRATEGI ADAPTASI DALAM MENGHADAPI KEBIJAKAN PEMBERLAKUAN TES KEMAMPUAN AKADEMIK (TKA) DI SMPN 99 JAKARTA. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini berfokus pada dinamika adaptasi aktor pendidikan dalam perubahan kebijakan evaluasi pendidikan melalui Tes Kemampuan Akademik (TKA). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasikan strategi adaptasi institusional yang dilakukan oleh pihak sekolah dan guru sebagai subsistem yang menetap di SMPN 99 Jakarta serta menganalisis strategi tersebut berdasarkan perspektif strategi adaptasi John W. Bennett. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi literatur. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai April 2026 di SMP Negeri 99 Jakarta Timur dengan melibatkan sepuluh informan yang terdiri dari satu wakil kepala sekolah, empat guru, dan lima peserta didik kelas IX. Selain itu, data juga diperkuat melalui triangulasi dengan Suku Dinas Pendidikan Wilayah I Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru beradaptasi dengan memberikan latihan soal secara rutin, kelas tambahan, serta menyesuaikan metode pembelajaran yang lebih berorientasi pada penguasaan materi dan latihan akademik. Sementara itu, pihak sekolah melakukan adaptasi melalui penyelenggaraan program pendalaman materi, try out, serta penguatan koordinasi antara guru, siswa, dan orang tua dalam mendukung kesiapan TKA. Namun, proses adaptasi tersebut juga memunculkan tekanan akademik berupa stres pada sebagian siswa akibat meningkatnya tuntutan belajar dan persaingan akademik. Analisis perspektif strategi adaptasi John W. Bennett menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi berlangsung melalui adaptive behavior, adaptive strategies, dan adaptive process, yang terlihat dari perubahan pola belajar, pemanfaatan program sekolah, serta penyesuaian berkelanjutan terhadap strategi belajar yang dianggap paling efektif dalam menghadapi TKA. ***** This study focuses on the dynamics of adaptation among educational actors in response to changes in educational evaluation policy through the Academic Competency Test (Tes Kemampuan Akademik/TKA). The objective of this study is to identify the institutional adaptation strategies employed by the school and teachers as permanent subsystems at SMPN 99 Jakarta and to analyze these strategies using John W. Bennett’s adaptation strategy perspective. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review. The research was conducted from January to April 2026 at SMP Negeri 99 East Jakarta, involving ten informants consisting of one vice principal, four teachers, and five ninth-grade students. The findings were further validated through data triangulation with East Jakarta Administrative City Regional Education Office I. The findings indicate that teachers adapted by providing regular practice exercises, additional learning sessions, and modifying teaching methods to place greater emphasis on mastery of academic content and examination-oriented learning. Meanwhile, the school adapted by implementing enrichment programs, organizing trial examinations (try-outs), and strengthening coordination among teachers, students, and parents to enhance students’ readiness for the TKA. However, the adaptation process also generated academic pressure, as some students experienced stress due to increased learning demands and academic competition. Analysis based on John W. Bennett’s adaptation strategy perspective demonstrates that the adaptation process occurred through adaptive behavior, adaptive strategies, and adaptive process, as reflected in changes in students’ learning patterns, the utilization of school programs, and continuous adjustments to learning strategies considered most effective for preparing for the TKA.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Prof. Dr. Evy Clara, M.Si. ; 2). Atik Kurniawati, M.Si.
Subjects:	Ilmu Sosial > Ilmu Sosial (Umum) Ilmu Sosial > Sosiologi
Divisions:	FIS > S1 Sosiologi
Depositing User:	Zahra Aquilla Maskar .
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2026 04:06
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2026 04:06
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/67940

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