ANALISIS SIFAT FISIK MINYAK ATSIRI TEMULAWAK (CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ROXB) HASIL DISTILASI AIR MENGGUNAKAN PEMANAS LISTRIK

ADITYA YOGA SWARA, . (2026) ANALISIS SIFAT FISIK MINYAK ATSIRI TEMULAWAK (CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ROXB) HASIL DISTILASI AIR MENGGUNAKAN PEMANAS LISTRIK. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) merupakan tanaman herbal asli Indonesia yang mengandung senyawa seskuiterpen seperti xanthorrhizol dan ar-curcumene yang memiliki struktur rantai karbon dan hidrogen sehingga berpotensi sebagai prekursor bahan bakar. Namun data karakteristik sifat fisik minyak atsiri temulawak belum tersedia sebagai dasar penilaian kelayakannya terhadap standar mutu bahan bakar yang berlaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat fisik minyak atsiri temulawak hasil distilasi air menggunakan pemanas listrik yang meliputi densitas, viskositas, nilai kalor, dan titik nyala, serta membandingkan hasilnya dengan standar mutu bahan bakar yang ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Republik Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan proses distilasi air menggunakan pemanas listrik, yang sebelumnya dilakukan tahap pre-treatment berupa pasteurisasi pada suhu 60°C selama 10–15 menit dan sedimentasi selama 12 jam. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri temulawak memiliki nilai densitas sebesar 0,955 g/cm³, viskositas kinematik sebesar 2,788 mm²/s, nilai kalor sebesar 41,59 kJ/gr, dan titik nyala sebesar 100,1°C. Berdasarkan perbandingan dengan standar mutu SK Dirjen Migas No. 384.K/MG.06/DJM/2024 dan No. 0486.K/10/DJM.S/2017, minyak atsiri temulawak lebih sesuai direkomendasikan sebagai prekursor bahan bakar solar dibandingkan bensin, mengingat nilai densitas dan viskositas kinematiknya berada dalam rentang standar mutu biosolar B40, sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai komponen blending dengan biosolar dalam proporsi tertentu. Kata Kunci: Distilasi Air, Karakterisasi, Minyak Atsiri, Prekursor Bahan Bakar, Temulawak. ***** Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) is an indigenous Indonesian herbal plant containing sesquiterpene compounds such as xanthorrhizol and ar-curcumene, which possess carbon and hydrogen chain structures that make them potentially suitable as fuel precursors. However, data on the physical property characteristics of temulawak essential oil have not been available as a basis for assessing its compliance with applicable fuel quality standards. This study aims to analyze the physical properties of temulawak essential oil obtained through water distillation using an electric heater, covering density, viscosity, calorific value, and flash point, as well as to compare the results with fuel quality standards established by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia. The method employed was an experimental method with a water distillation process using an electric heater, preceded by a pre-treatment stage consisting of pasteurization at 60°C for 10–15 minutes and sedimentation for 12 hours. The test results indicate that temulawak essential oil has a density of 0.955 g/cm³, a kinematic viscosity of 2.788 mm²/s, a calorific value of 41.59 kJ/gr, and a flash point of 100.1°C. Based on a comparison with the quality standards of SK Dirjen Migas No. 384.K/MG.06/DJM/2024 and No. 0486.K/10/DJM.S/2017, temulawak essential oil is more appropriately recommended as a solar fuel precursor rather than gasoline, given that its density value and kinematic viscosity value falls within the quality standard range of biosolar B40, thus showing potential for use as a blending component with biosolar in a certain proportion. Keywords: Water Distillation, Characterization, Essential Oil, Fuel Precursor, Temulawak.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. Ferry Budhi Susetyo, M.T., M.Si. ; 2). Dr. Sugeng Priyanto, M.Sc.
Subjects:	Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Mesin, Mekanika Teknik Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Otomotif, Astronotika Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Manufaktur
Divisions:	FT > D IV Teknologi Rekayasa Manufaktur
Depositing User:	Aditya Yoga Swara .
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 04:57
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 04:57
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/68515

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