RANCANG BANGUN DAN OPTIMASI ALAT RESUSITASI JANTUNG PARU (RJP) PORTABLE BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKURASI TEKANAN KOMPRESI

MUHAMMAD AWALUDDIN, . (2026) RANCANG BANGUN DAN OPTIMASI ALAT RESUSITASI JANTUNG PARU (RJP) PORTABLE BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKURASI TEKANAN KOMPRESI. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Henti jantung mendadak memerlukan tindakan Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) segera dengan kedalaman kompresi 5–6 cm dan frekuensi 100–120 kompresi per menit sesuai standar American Heart Association (AHA) 2020. Pelaksanaan RJP manual rentan mengalami penurunan konsistensi kompresi akibat kelelahan penolong, sehingga diperlukan alat RJP otomatis yang mampu menjaga akurasi dan konsistensi kompresi. Penelitian ini merancang dan mengoptimasi alat RJP portable berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Mega 2560 yang mengintegrasikan mekanisme crank-slider sebagai penekan dada dengan sistem lifter berbasis lead screw T8 dan motor stepper NEMA17 untuk menyesuaikan posisi awal (zero point) terhadap variasi dimensi toraks pasien, dibantu sensor rotary encoder incremental berbasis Hall Effect sebagai umpan balik posisi. Pengembangan produk mengacu pada metode VDI 2221, sedangkan pengendalian kecepatan motor DC PG45 menggunakan kontroler PID yang parameternya dioptimasi melalui algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dengan fungsi objektif Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). Hasil optimasi memperoleh Kp = 5,0000; Ki = 2,9519; dan Kd = 0,5000 dengan nilai ITAE minimum sebesar 2,3586. Jari-jari crank sebesar 28 mm dirancang untuk menghasilkan panjang langkah kompresi 56 mm (5,6 cm) sesuai standar AHA. Pengujian fisik pada manekin CPR menunjukkan deviasi (RMSE) sebesar 30,12 antara kecepatan simulasi ideal 120 RPM dan implementasi aktual dengan rata-rata 91,95 RPM, yang diidentifikasi akibat resistensi beban viskoelastik dinding dada manekin serta kerugian gesekan mekanis internal pada beban puncak. Secara keseluruhan, alat yang dikembangkan mampu menghasilkan kedalaman kompresi yang konsisten sesuai standar AHA, meskipun performa kecepatan motor pada implementasi fisik masih perlu ditingkatkan agar lebih mendekati hasil simulasi. ***** Sudden cardiac arrest requires immediate Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) with a compression depth of 5–6 cm and a rate of 100–120 compressions per minute in accordance with the 2020 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Manual CPR is prone to declining consistency due to rescuer fatigue, so an automatic CPR device is needed to maintain accurate and consistent compressions. This study designs and optimizes a microcontroller-based portable CPR device using an Arduino Mega 2560, integrating a crank-slider mechanism as the chest compressor with a lead-screw-and-NEMA17-stepper-based lifter system to adjust the initial (zero) position according to variations in patient chest dimensions, assisted by a Hall-Effect incremental rotary encoder as position feedback. Product development follows the VDI 2221 method, while the speed of the PG45 DC motor is regulated by a PID controller whose parameters are tuned using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with an Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) objective function. The optimization yielded Kp = 5.0000, Ki = 2.9519, and Kd = 0.5000 with a minimum ITAE value of 2.3586. A crank radius of 28 mm was designed to produce a 56 mm (5.6 cm) compression stroke consistent with the AHA standard. Physical testing on a CPR manikin showed a deviation (RMSE) of 30.12 between the ideal simulated speed of 120 RPM and the actual implementation, which averaged 91.95 RPM, attributed to the viscoelastic resistance of the manikin’s chest wall and internal mechanical friction losses under peak load. Overall, the developed device is able to produce a compression depth consistent with the AHA standard, although the motor speed performance in physical implementation still needs improvement to better approach the simulation results.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Rafiuddin Syam, S.T., M.Eng., PhD. ; 2). Churnia Sari, S.T., M.T.
Subjects:	Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Elektronika
Divisions:	FT > D IV Teknologi Rekayasa Otomasi
Depositing User:	Users 35333 not found.
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2026 03:47
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2026 03:47
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/68721

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