MUHAMMAD FAHREZY PURNOMO, . (2026) RANCANG BANGUN ALAT DISTILASI AIR DAN UAP MENGGUNAKAN PEMANAS LISTRIK UNTUK MEMPRODUKSI MINYAK ATSIRI. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.
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Abstract
Meningkatnya kebutuhan minyak atsiri di Indonesia mendorong perlunya pengembangan alat distilasi yang lebih terjangkau, efisien, dan mudah dioperasikan. Alat distilasi konvensional umumnya masih menggunakan bahan bakar kayu, minyak, atau gas yang memiliki kelemahan berupa suhu pemanasan yang sulit dikontrol, efisiensi panas rendah, menghasilkan asap, serta biaya operasional yang relatif tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat alat distilasi air dan uap menggunakan pemanas listrik guna memproduksi minyak atsiri dengan memanfaatkan komponen yang mudah diperoleh di pasar domestik, serta menghasilkan alat yang mudah dibuat, dioperasikan, dan dirawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development (R&D) dengan model define, design, develop, and disseminate (4D). Alat dirancang menggunakan perangkat lunak Solidworks dengan konsep modular yang terbagi menjadi enam subrakitan, yaitu rangka, feeder tank, evaporator tank, condenser tank, reservoir tank, dan receiver separator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat mampu beroperasi dengan baik selama proses distilasi selama 1 jam menggunakan 500 ml cairan temulawak yang berasal dari 1 kg temulawak. Alat berhasil mencapai suhu kerja stabil sebesar 100℃ tanpa kebocoran, menghasilkan laju distilat sebesar 280 ml/jam, rendemen minyak sebesar 4,8 ml atau 0,96%, dengan konsumsi energi listrik sebesar 0,525 kWh dan biaya operasional sekitar Rp709,80. Alat distilasi dengan kapasitas 8 L berbasis pemanas listrik mampu menghasilkan sistem pemanasan yang stabil, praktis, ramah lingkungan, dan berpotensi menjadi alternatif alat produksi minyak atsiri skala rumah tangga dengan biaya pembuatan sebesar Rp2.111.897. Kata Kunci: Distilasi, Minyak Atsiri, Rancang Bangun, Research and Development ***** The increasing demand for essential oils in Indonesia drives the need for the development of more affordable, efficient, and easy-to-operate distillation equipment. Conventional distillation equipment generally still uses wood, oil, or gas as fuel, which has the disadvantages of difficult temperature control, low heat efficiency, smoke production, and relatively high operational costs. This research aims to design and create a water and steam distillation apparatus using an electric heater to produce essential oils by utilizing components readily available in the domestic market, and to produce a device that is easy to construct, operate, and maintain. This research uses the research and development (R&D) method with the define, design, develop, and disseminate (4D) model. The tool is designed using Solidworks software with a modular concept divided into six subassemblies, namely the frame, feeder tank, evaporator tank, condenser tank, reservoir tank, and receiver separator. The research results show that the device can operate well during the distillation process for 1 h using 500 ml of curcuma xanthorrhiza liquid derived from 1 kg of curcuma xanthorrhiza. The device successfully reached a stable working temperature of 100℃ without leaks, producing a distillate rate of 280 ml/h, an oil yield of 4.8 ml or 0.96%, with an electricity consumption of 0.525 kWh and an operational cost of approximately IDR 709.80. An 8 L distillation device based on electric heating can produce a stable, practical, environmentally friendly heating system, and has the potential to be an alternative essential oil production tool for household scale with a manufacturing cost of IDR 2,111,897. Keywords: Distillation, Essential Oil, Design and Development, Research and Development
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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| Additional Information: | 1). Dr. Ferry Budhi Susetyo, M.T., M.Si. ; 2). Dr. Sugeng Priyanto, M.Sc. |
| Subjects: | Sains > Fisika Sains > Kimia Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknologi (umum) Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Mesin, Mekanika Teknik Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Kimia Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Energi Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Manufaktur |
| Divisions: | FT > D IV Teknologi Rekayasa Manufaktur |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Fahrezy Purnomo . |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Aug 2026 08:49 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Aug 2026 08:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/68821 |
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