ANALISIS URBAN SPRAWL DI KAWASAN METROPOLITAN SURAKARTA

VICTOR CHRISTIAN EBITH THEOPILUS, . (2026) ANALISIS URBAN SPRAWL DI KAWASAN METROPOLITAN SURAKARTA. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Urban sprawl merupakan fenomena penyebaran kawasan terbangun yang negatif ke wilayah pinggiran yang dipengaruhi oleh urbanisasi dan metropolitanisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik spasial urban sprawl di Kawasan Metropolitan Surakarta periode 1995-2025. Penelitian menggunakan citra Landsat tahun 1995, 2010, dan 2025 yang diklasifikasikan dengan algoritma Random forest menjadi empat kelas tutupan lahan. Karakteristik urban sprawl dianalisis menggunakan Shannon’s entropy, Urban Expansion Intensity Index (UEII), analisis arah ekspansi, metrik lanskap (NP, PD, dan LPI), serta analisis buffer koridor jalan untuk mengidentifikasi konversi lahan sawah. Hasil klasifikasi menunjukkan tingkat akurasi yang sangat tinggi dengan Overall accuracy sebesar 96,76% (1995), 96,08% (2010), dan 99,48% (2025). Analisis UEII menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Sukoharjo memiliki intensitas ekspansi lahan terbangun tertinggi, sedangkan analisis Shannon’s entropy menunjukkan Kabupaten Wonogiri mengalami peningkatan nilai entropy terbesar (0,2288), sementara Kota Surakarta mengalami penurunan nilai entropy dari 3,7801 menjadi 3,6624, yang mengindikasikan perkembangan kawasan terbangun semakin terkonsentrasi di pusat kota dan semakin menyebar di wilayah peri-urban. Arah ekspansi kawasan terbangun didominasi menuju sektor selatan dan tenggara. Analisis konversi lahan sawah menunjukkan bahwa koridor Jalan Raya memiliki luas konversi tertinggi, yaitu 7.915,23 ha pada periode 1995-2010 dan 5.490,99 ha pada periode 2010-2025 dalam radius 2 km dari koridor Jalan Raya, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa konversi lahan sawah cenderung terkonsentrasi pada koridor transportasi utama sehingga mengindikasikan adanya hubungan spasial antara perkembangan jaringan jalan dan ekspansi kawasan terbangun. Peningkatan nilai Number of Patches (NP), Patch Density (PD), dan Largest Patch Index (LPI), menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan kawasan terbangun mengalami transisi dari fase diffusion menuju coalescence, yang mencerminkan perubahan pola urban sprawl dari penyebaran kawasan terbangun menuju proses penggabungan antarpatch permukiman. ***** Urban sprawl is a negative phenomenon involving the expansion of built-up areas into outlying regions, driven by urbanization and metropolitanization. This study aims to analyze the spatial characteristics of urban sprawl in the Surakarta Metropolitan Area during the period 1995-2025. The study uses Landsat imagery from 1995, 2010, and 2025, which was classified using the Random Forest algorithm into four land cover classes. The characteristics of urban sprawl were analyzed using Shannon’s entropy, the Urban Expansion Intensity Index (UEII), expansion direction analysis, landscape metrics (NP, PD, and LPI), and road corridor buffer analysis to identify the conversion of rice paddy land. The classification results show a very high level of accuracy, with overall accuracy of 96.76% (1995), 96.08% (2010), and 99.48% (2025). The UEII analysis indicates that Sukoharjo Regency has the highest intensity of built-up land expansion, while the Shannon’s entropy analysis shows that Wonogiri Regency experienced the largest increase in entropy (0.2288), whereas Surakarta City saw a decrease in entropy from 3.7801 to 3.6624, indicating that the development of built-up areas is becoming increasingly concentrated in the city center and increasingly dispersed in peri-urban areas. The direction of built-up area expansion is predominantly toward the south and southeast. Analysis of rice field conversion shows that the Jalan Raya corridor has the highest conversion area, namely 7,915.23 ha during the 1995-2010 period and 5,490.99 ha during the 2010-2025 period within a 2-km radius of the Jalan Raya corridor. This indicates that rice field conversion tends to be concentrated along major transportation corridors, suggesting a spatial relationship between road network development and the expansion of built-up areas. Increases in the values of Number of Patches (NP), Patch Density (PD), and Largest Patch Index (LPI) indicate that the development of built-up areas is transitioning from the diffusion phase to the coalescence phase, reflecting a shift in the pattern of urban sprawl from the spread of built-up areas toward the process of merging residential patches.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Prof. Dr. Cahyadi Setiawan, S.Si., M.Si; 2). Filya Rizky Lestari , S.T. M.Han.
Subjects:	Geografi, Antropologi > Geografi Geografi, Antropologi > Geografi Fisik Geografi, Antropologi > Ilmu Lingkungan
Divisions:	FIS > S1 Geografi
Depositing User:	Victor Christian Ebith Theopilus ,
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2026 04:22
Last Modified:	12 Aug 2026 04:22
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/68937

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