PERBANDINGAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS KELELAWAR (CHIROPTERA) DI HUTAN KOTA SRENGSENG DAN EDUTECHNO PARK UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA

NADIVA AULIA, . (2026) PERBANDINGAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS KELELAWAR (CHIROPTERA) DI HUTAN KOTA SRENGSENG DAN EDUTECHNO PARK UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Perkembangan kawasan perkotaan menyebabkan perubahan penggunaan lahan yang berdampak pada penurunan kualitas habitat dan berpotensi memengaruhi struktur komunitas satwa liar, termasuk kelelawar (Chiroptera). Perubahan tersebut mengakibatkan fragmentasi habitat dan berkurangnya ketersediaan sumber pakan maupun tempat berlindung sehingga dapat memengaruhi komposisi dan struktur komunitas kelelawar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis kelelawar, menganalisis struktur komunitas, menguji perbedaan komposisi komunitas, serta menganalisis hubungan suhu udara dan intensitas cahaya terhadap struktur komunitas kelelawar di Hutan Kota Srengseng dan Edutechno Park Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dan observasi langsung dengan penangkapan kelelawar menggunakan mist net. Data dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, kekayaan jenis, kemerataan, dominansi Simpson, Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA), uji Betadisper, visualisasi heatmap, dan korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi 9 jenis kelelawar yang termasuk ke dalam dua suku, yaitu Pteropodidae dan Vespertilionidae, dengan Cynopterus brachyotis sebagai jenis yang memiliki kelimpahan individu tertinggi pada kedua lokasi penelitian. Struktur komunitas kelelawar di kedua lokasi menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman sedang, kemerataan sedang, dominansi rendah, dan kekayaan jenis rendah. Hasil PERMANOVA menunjukkan adanya perbedaan komposisi komunitas yang signifikan antar lokasi, sedangkan uji Betadisper menunjukkan bahwa variasi komunitas pada kedua lokasi relatif seragam. Visualisasi heatmap memperlihatkan bahwa kedua lokasi memiliki beberapa jenis yang sama, tetapi berbeda dalam tingkat kelimpahan setiap jenis. Analisis korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa suhu udara dan intensitas cahaya tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan kelimpahan individu kelelawar. Perbedaan karakteristik habitat antar lokasi berperan dalam membentuk komposisi komunitas kelelawar, sedangkan variasi kelimpahan individu diduga lebih dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi berbagai faktor ekologi. ***** Urban development has led to land-use changes that reduce habitat quality and potentially affect the community structure of wildlife, including bats (Chiroptera). These changes result in habitat fragmentation and reduced availability of food resources and roosting sites, thereby influencing bat community composition and structure. This study aimed to identify bat species, analyze community structure, examine differences in community composition, and evaluate the relationship between air temperature and light intensity and bat community structure in Srengseng Urban Forest and Edutechno Park, Jakarta State University. A descriptive research method with direct field observations was employed, and bats were captured using mist nets. Data were analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener diversity index, species richness, evenness, Simpson's dominance index, Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA), the Betadisper test, heatmap visualization, and Spearman's rank correlation. The results identified nine bat species belonging to two families, Pteropodidae and Vespertilionidae, with Cynopterus brachyotis being the most abundant species at both study sites. The bat communities at both locations exhibited moderate diversity and evenness, low dominance, and low species richness. PERMANOVA revealed a significant difference in community composition between the two sites, while the Betadisper test indicated that community dispersion was relatively homogeneous. Heatmap visualization showed that both sites shared several bat species but differed in the relative abundance of each species. Spearman's correlation analysis indicated that air temperature and light intensity were not significantly associated with bat abundance. Differences in habitat characteristics between the two sites contributed to variations in bat community composition, whereas variation in bat abundance was more likely influenced by a combination of ecological factors.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Prof. Dr. Ratna Komala, M.Si; 2). Mohamad Isnin Noer, M.Si
Subjects:	Sains > Sains, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Sains > Ilmu Bumi > Biologi
Divisions:	FMIPA > S1 Biologi
Depositing User:	Users 35821 not found.
Date Deposited:	10 Aug 2026 02:45
Last Modified:	10 Aug 2026 02:45
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/69174

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