Struktur Komunitas Gastropoda Berdasarkan Karakteristik Substrat pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu

MIFTAHUL HAFSHAH DEWINDA, . (2026) Struktur Komunitas Gastropoda Berdasarkan Karakteristik Substrat pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove memiliki peran ekologis penting namun sangat rentan terhadap tekanan aktivitas manusia seperti reklamasi pantai, yang secara langsung menyebabkan degradasi habitat. Tekanan antropogenik tersebut mengubah struktur fisik habitat, khususnya karakteristik substrat, yang berdampak pada organisme bentik seperti gastropoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas gastropoda, mengidentifikasi karakteristik substrat, dan menganalisis hubungan antara kelimpahan gastropoda dengan parameter lingkungan di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu. Metode deskriptif survei dengan pendekatan purposive sampling digunakan pada tiga stasiun pengamatan yaitu Pantai Bintang, Pantai Pasir Perawan, dan Pantai Gedung Putih. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan statistik menggunakan regresi Poisson. Hasil penelitian menemukan 3.092 individu gastropoda dari 11 jenis, yang didominasi oleh Terebralia sulcata, Littoraria scabra, dan Terebralia palustris. Jenis substrat yang teridentifikasi meliputi pasir berliat dengan C-organik 2,99%, berpasir dengan C-organik 3,09%, dan pasir berlanau dengan C-organik 2,95%. Parameter lingkungan seperti substrat pasir berlanau, pasir berliat, kandungan C-organik, suhu, pH, dan oksigen terlarut (DO) terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kelimpahan gastropoda. Hasil analisis struktur komunitas menunjukkan indeks keanekaragaman (H') berada pada kategori rendah hingga sedang, kemerataan (E) sedang hingga tinggi, dominansi (D) sedang, serta kekayaan jenis (R) yang tergolong rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunitas gastropoda didominasi oleh Terebralia sulcata, Terebralia palustris, dan Littoraria scabra. Kelimpahan gastropoda dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh fraksi pasir berlanau, fraksi pasir berliat, kandungan C-organik, suhu, pH, dan oksigen terlarut (DO), sedangkan kekayaan jenis tidak dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh seluruh parameter lingkungan yang diukur./***** Mangrove ecosystems have high ecological importance but are highly vulnerable to human activities such as coastal reclamation, which directly causes habitat degradation. These anthropogenic pressures alter the physical structure of the habitat, especially substrate characteristics, impacting benthic organisms like gastropods. This study aims to determine the gastropod community structure, identify substrate characteristics, and analyze the relationship between gastropod abundance and environmental parameters on Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu. A descriptive survey method with purposive sampling was conducted at three observation stations: Bintang Beach, Pasir Perawan Beach, and Gedung Putih Beach. The data was analyzed descriptively and statistically using Poisson regression. The results recorded 3,092 gastropod individuals from 11 species, predominantly dominated by Terebralia sulcata, Littoraria scabra, and Terebralia palustris. The identified substrate types included sandy clay with 2.99% C-organic, sand with 3.09% C-organic, and sandy silt with 2.95% C-organic. Environmental parameters such as sandy silt, sandy clay, C-organic content, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) significantly influenced gastropod abundance. The results of the community structure analysis indicate that the diversity index (H') ranges from the low to moderate category, evenness (E) is moderate to high, dominance (D) is moderate, and species richness (R) is classified as low. The results showed that the gastropod community was dominated by Terebralia sulcata, Terebralia palustris, and Littoraria scabra. Gastropod abundance was significantly influenced by sandy silt, sandy clay, organic carbon (C-organic) content, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO), whereas species richness was not significantly affected by any of the measured environmental parameters.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1.) Prof. Dr. Ratna Komala, M.Si. ; 2.) Mohamad Isnin Noer, M.Si.
Subjects:	Sains > Sains, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Sains > Ilmu Bumi > Biologi
Divisions:	FMIPA > S1 Biologi
Depositing User:	Users 36108 not found.
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2026 08:27
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2026 08:27
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/69691

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