Rancang Bangun Alat Vaccum testing Untuk Pengujian Hasil Kebocoran Pengelasan SMAW Dengan Menggunakan Pompa Vacuum Berkapasitas 1/4 Hourse Power

Fathdly Ario Yudistira, . (2026) Rancang Bangun Alat Vaccum testing Untuk Pengujian Hasil Kebocoran Pengelasan SMAW Dengan Menggunakan Pompa Vacuum Berkapasitas 1/4 Hourse Power. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

kualitas hasil pengelasan merupakan faktor penting dalam menjamin kekuatan dan keselamatan suatu struktur. Namun, cacat pengelasan seperti porositas dan incomplete fusion dapat membentuk jalur kebocoran (leak path) yang sering kali tidak dapat dideteksi melalui inspeksi visual. Pada praktiknya, khususnya di bengkel las skala kecil dan laboratorium pendidikan, pengujian hasil las masih banyak dilakukan secara visual tanpa didukung metode Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alat vacuum testing yang ekonomis, mudah dioperasikan, dan mampu mendeteksi kebocoran secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan membuat alat vacuum testing manual berbasis pompa vakum ¼ Horse Power (HP) sebagai alat pengujian kebocoran hasil pengelasan Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). Alat terdiri atas vacuum box berbahan baja karbon rendah (ST37), penutup akrilik transparan, rangka besi hollow, dan gasket karet. Perancangan dilakukan menggunakan Autodesk Inventor, dilanjutkan dengan analisis struktur menggunakan Finite Element Analysis (FEA), perhitungan teoritis volume vakum dan waktu pemvakuman, proses fabrikasi menggunakan SMAW, serta pengujian kinerja dan efektivitas deteksi kebocoran menggunakan metode bubble test. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan volume efektif sistem vakum sebesar 4,327 liter dengan estimasi waktu pemvakuman teoritis untuk mencapai tekanan −0,8 bar selama 9,24 detik, sedangkan hasil aktual mampu mencapai tekanan target dalam waktu 8 detik dengan selisih sebesar 13,4% terhadap perhitungan teoritis. Simulasi FEA menunjukkan bahwa tegangan Von Mises berada di bawah batas luluh material dengan faktor keselamatan yang memenuhi persyaratan sehingga konstruksi alat dinyatakan aman. Pengujian bubble test membuktikan bahwa alat mampu mendeteksi kebocoran pada sambungan las SMAW melalui munculnya gelembung pada larutan sabun. Kata kunci: Bubble Test, Finite Element Analysis, Kebocoran las, Vacuum testing, Shielded Metal Arc Welding. ***** Weld quality is a critical factor in ensuring the strength and safety of a structure. However, welding defects such as porosity and incomplete fusion can create leak paths that often go undetected during visual inspection. In practice—particularly in small-scale welding workshops and educational laboratories—weld testing is frequently limited to visual inspection, lacking support from adequate Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods. Therefore, there is a need for a vacuum testing device that is economical, easy to operate, and capable of effectively detecting leaks. This research aimed to design and fabricate a manual vacuum testing device powered by a ¼ horsepower (HP) vacuum pump to test for leaks in Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) joints. The device consists of a low-carbon steel (ST37) vacuum box, a transparent acrylic cover, a hollow steel frame, and a rubber gasket. The design process utilized Autodesk Inventor, followed by structural analysis via Finite Element Analysis (FEA), theoretical calculations of vacuum volume and evacuation time, fabrication using SMAW, and performance testing—including leak detection effectiveness—using the bubble test method. Test results indicated an effective vacuum system volume of 4.327 liters, with a theoretical evacuation time of 9.24 seconds to reach a pressure of −0.8 bar; in practice, the device reached the target pressure in 8 seconds, a difference of 13.4% from the theoretical calculation. FEA simulations showed that Von Mises stresses remained below the material's yield strength, with a safety factor meeting requirements, thereby confirming the structural safety of the device. Bubble testing demonstrated the device's capability to detect leaks in SMAW joints through the formation of bubbles in a soap solution. Keywords: Bubble Test, Finite Element Analysis, Weld leakage, Vacuum testing, Shielded Metal Arc Welding.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1.) Drs.Syamsuir,M.T. 2.) Ahmad Lubi,M.Pd.,M.T.
Subjects:	Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Mesin, Mekanika Teknik Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Manufaktur
Divisions:	FT > D IV Teknologi Rekayasa Manufaktur
Depositing User:	Fathdly Ario Yudistira .
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2026 04:23
Last Modified:	12 Aug 2026 04:23
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/70048

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