PERAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI MODERASI PADA PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, ARUS KAS OPERASI, DAN PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN LQ45

YOUSUA IMANUEL PALMA SIMANULLANG, . (2026) PERAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI MODERASI PADA PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, ARUS KAS OPERASI, DAN PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN LQ45. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian yang berjudul “Peran Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Moderasi pada Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Arus Kas Operasi, dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan LQ45” ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh struktur modal, arus kas operasi, dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap kinerja perusahaan, serta peran moderasi ukuran perusahaan pada ketiga hubungan tersebut, pada emiten Indeks LQ45 Bursa Efek Indonesia.. Penelitian ini dilandasi oleh Trade-Off Theory sebagai grand theory dan Resource-Based View sebagai supporting theory. Populasi penelitian mengacu pada daftar LQ45 berdasarkan Pengumuman BEI No. Peng-00220/BEI.POP/10-2024, dengan sampel 19 emiten non-perbankan yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria konsistensi kehadiran di seluruh 12 periode evaluasi LQ45 periode 2019–2024, menghasilkan 114 unit observasi pada balanced panel data. Kinerja perusahaan diukur menggunakan Return on Assets (ROA), struktur modal diproksikan dengan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), arus kas operasi diproksikan dengan Operating Cash Flow to Total Assets (OCFTA), pertumbuhan penjualan menggunakan year-on-year sales growth rate, dan ukuran perusahaan menggunakan logaritma natural total aset. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) dengan Fixed Effect Model (FEM) yang dipilih melalui Uji Chow dan Uji Hausman, menggunakan White diagonal heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors untuk mengatasi heteroskedastisitas yang terdeteksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) struktur modal berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ROA; (2) arus kas operasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ROA; (3) pertumbuhan penjualan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA; dan (4) ukuran perusahaan tidak terbukti secara signifikan memoderasi pengaruh struktur modal, arus kas operasi, dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap ROA. Ukuran perusahaan terbukti berpengaruh langsung positif dan signifikan terhadap ROA, mengklasifikasikannya sebagai quasi moderator. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar manajemen emiten LQ45 memprioritaskan penguatan arus kas operasi dan menjaga rasio leverage di bawah rata-rata sampel sebagai strategi utama peningkatan profitabilitas aset. ***** This study, titled “The Role of Firm Size as a Moderator on the Effect of Capital Structure, Operating Cash Flow, and Sales Growth on the Performance of LQ45 Firms,” aims to examine the effect of capital structure, operating cash flow, and sales growth on firm performance, as well as the moderating role of firm size on these three relationships, among constituent firms of the LQ45 Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study is grounded in Trade-Off Theory as the grand theory and Resource-Based View as the supporting theory. The study population refers to the LQ45 constituent list based on IDX Announcement No. Peng-00220/BEI.POP/10-2024, with a sample of 19 non-banking firms selected using purposive sampling based on consistent presence across all 12 LQ45 evaluation periods from 2019 to 2024, yielding 114 observations in a balanced panel dataset. Firm performance is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), capital structure is proxied by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), operating cash flow is proxied by Operating Cash Flow to Total Assets (OCFTA), sales growth uses the year-on-year sales growth rate, and firm size uses the natural logarithm of total assets. The analytical technique employed is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with Fixed Effect Model (FEM) selected through Chow Test and Hausman Test, using White diagonal heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors to address heteroskedasticity detected in the model. The results indicate that (1) capital structure has a negative and significant effect on ROA; (2) operating cash flow has a positive and significant effect on ROA; (3) sales growth has no significant effect on ROA; and (4) firm size does not significantly moderate the effect of capital structure, operating cash flow, and sales growth on ROA. Firm size has a direct positive and significant effect on ROA, classifying it as a quasi moderator. This study recommends that management of LQ45 firms prioritize strengthening operating cash flow and maintaining leverage ratios below the sample average as primary strategies for improving asset profitability.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information: 1). Dwi Handarini, S.Pd., M.Ak. ; 2). Surya Anugrah, S.E., M.Ak.
Subjects: Ilmu Sosial > Perdagangan, e-commerce > Akuntansi
Divisions: FE > S1 Akuntansi
Depositing User: Yousua Imanuel Palma Simanullang .
Date Deposited: 20 Aug 2026 08:30
Last Modified: 20 Aug 2026 08:30
URI: http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/72128

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