PENGARUH VARIASI SILICA TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO KOMPOSIT POLYURETHANE SEBAGAI MATERIAL SPOKE BAN NON-PNEUMATIK

THANTA ILHAM SYAIFRUDIN, . (2026) PENGARUH VARIASI SILICA TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO KOMPOSIT POLYURETHANE SEBAGAI MATERIAL SPOKE BAN NON-PNEUMATIK. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Ban non-pneumatik (Non-Pneumatic Tire/NPT) merupakan inovasi ban yang dikembangkan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan ban pneumatik akibat ketergantungan terhadap tekanan udara. Salah satu komponen utamanya adalah spoke yang memerlukan material dengan sifat tarik, tekan, dan elastisitas yang baik. Polyurethane berpotensi digunakan sebagai material spoke, namun sifat mekaniknya perlu ditingkatkan melalui penambahan filler silica. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi kandungan silica terhadap sifat mekanik komposit polyurethane, mengkarakterisasi struktur mikro menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), menganalisis hubungan struktur mikro dengan sifat mekanik, serta menentukan pengaruh variasi kandungan silica terhadap karakteristik komposit polyurethane. Variasi kandungan silica yang digunakan yaitu 0 wt%, 0,5 wt%, 1 wt%, 1,5 wt%, dan 1,75 wt%. Spesimen dibuat menggunakan metode casting, kemudian dilakukan pengujian tarik berdasarkan ASTM D412, pengujian tekan berdasarkan ASTM D575, serta karakterisasi menggunakan SEM–EDS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 1 wt% menghasilkan nilai Ultimate Tensile Strength tertinggi sebesar 8,99 MPa, sedangkan komposisi 0,5 wt% menghasilkan nilai Compressive Strength tertinggi sebesar 15,31 MPa. Hasil karakterisasi SEM–EDS menunjukkan bahwa penambahan filler silica memengaruhi morfologi permukaan komposit dan mengonfirmasi keberadaan unsur silikon (Si) pada seluruh variasi komposit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, variasi kandungan silica memberikan pengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik dan karakteristik struktur mikro komposit polyurethane, dengan respons yang berbeda terhadap pembebanan tarik dan tekan. ***** Non-pneumatic tires (NPT) are tire innovations developed to overcome the limitations of pneumatic tires due to their dependence on air pressure. One of the main components is the spoke, which requires materials with good tensile, compressive, and elastic properties. Polyurethane has the potential to be used as a spoke material, but its mechanical properties need to be improved by adding silica filler. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in silica content on the mechanical properties of polyurethane composites, characterize the microstructure using Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), analyze the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties, and determine the effect of variations in silica content on the characteristics of polyurethane composites. The variations in silica content used were 0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, and 1.75 wt%. Specimens were made using the casting method, then tensile testing was carried out based on ASTM D412, compression testing based on ASTM D575, and characterization using SEM–EDS. The results showed that the composition of 1 wt% produced the highest Ultimate Tensile Strength value of 8.99 MPa, while the composition of 0.5 wt% produced the highest Compressive Strength value of 15.31 MPa. The results of SEM–EDS characterization showed that the addition of silica filler affected the surface morphology of the composite and confirmed the presence of silicon (Si) elements in all composite variations. Based on the results of the study, variations in silica content influenced the mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of polyurethane composites, with different responses to tensile and compressive loading.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. Eng. Agung Premono, M.T. ; 2). Dr. Siska Titik Dwiyati, S.Si., M.T.
Subjects:	Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Mesin, Mekanika Teknik Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Manufaktur
Divisions:	FT > S1 Teknik Mesin
Depositing User:	Thanta Ilham Syaifrudin .
Date Deposited:	20 Aug 2026 04:46
Last Modified:	20 Aug 2026 04:46
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/72502

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