AGNIA FIRDA YUNTAFA, . (2026) PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN FOOD AND BEVERAGE YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2022-2024). Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.
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Abstract
Financial distress mengacu pada kondisi memburuknya kinerja keuangan sebuah perusahaan yang muncul sebelum perusahaan tersebut jatuh ke dalam kebangkrutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage, dan ukuran perusahaan memengaruhi financial distress pada perusahaan-perusahaan sub-sektor Food and Beverage yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama kurun waktu 2022–2024. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan pendekatan kuantitatif berbasis data sekunder yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan tahunan masing-masing perusahaan. Penentuan sampel dilakukan melalui teknik purposive sampling, dan diperoleh 55 perusahaan dengan jumlah observasi keseluruhan sebanyak 165. Financial distress dalam studi ini diukur menggunakan Altman Z-Score, di mana nilai Z-Score yang lebih tinggi mencerminkan risiko financial distress yang lebih rendah. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa profitabilitas dan likuiditas memberikan pengaruh positif serta signifikan terhadap nilai Altman Z-Score. Leverage, di sisi lain, tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan, sementara ukuran perusahaan justru berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap nilai Altman Z-Score. Apabila diuji secara bersama-sama, seluruh variabel independen dalam penelitian ini terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress. Temuan-temuan tersebut mengindikasikan pentingnya bagi perusahaan untuk terus mendorong peningkatan profitabilitas serta menjaga kestabilan likuiditas guna menekan risiko financial distress. Selain itu, perusahaan juga perlu mengelola aset dan sumber daya yang dimiliki secara lebih optimal, mengingat skala perusahaan yang besar tidak serta-merta menjamin kondisi keuangan yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian, pengelolaan kinerja keuangan secara efektif menjadi langkah krusial yang perlu diupayakan perusahaan untuk meminimalkan risiko terjadinya financial distress. ***** Financial distress refers to a deteriorating state of a company's financial performance that occurs prior to bankruptcy. This study aims to examine how profitability, liquidity, leverage, and firm size affect financial distress in Food and Beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2022–2024 period. The study employs a quantitative approach based on secondary data obtained from each company's annual financial reports. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, yielding 55 companies with a total of 165 observations. Financial distress in this study is measured using the Altman Z-Score, where a higher Z-Score value reflects a lower risk of financial distress. The findings reveal that profitability and liquidity have a positive and significant effect on the Altman Z-Score. Leverage, on the other hand, shows no significant effect, while firm size has a negative and significant effect on the Altman Z-Score. When tested simultaneously, all independent variables in this study are found to significantly affect financial distress. These findings indicate the importance for companies to continuously improve profitability and maintain liquidity stability in order to reduce the risk of financial distress. In addition, companies also need to manage their assets and resources more optimally, given that a larger company scale does not automatically guarantee a better financial condition. Accordingly, effective financial performance management is a crucial step that companies need to pursue in order to minimize the risk of financial distress.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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| Additional Information: | 1). Dr. Etty Gurendrawati, M.Si., Ak. ; 2). Dwi Kismayanti Respati, S.Pd., M.Ak. |
| Subjects: | Ilmu Sosial > Perdagangan, e-commerce > Akuntansi |
| Divisions: | FE > S1 Akuntansi |
| Depositing User: | Agnia Firda Yuntafa . |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Sep 2026 08:21 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Sep 2026 08:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/73823 |
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