MODEL PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN PENYELESAIAN MASALAH TERINTEGRASI MORAL BAGI ANAK USIA DINI

NURAIDA, . (2023) MODEL PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN PENYELESAIAN MASALAH TERINTEGRASI MORAL BAGI ANAK USIA DINI. Doktor thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Model pembelajaran yang tepat untuk mengembangkan kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah terintegrasi moral pada anak usia dini merupakan salah satu aspek yang penting untuk dikaji. Sejumlah penelitian terdahulu telah mengembangkan berbagai model pembelajaran untuk pengembangan kompetensi moral, nilai-nilai agama, dan moral pada tingkat anak usia dini. Namun, penelitian untuk pengembangan model pembelajaran meningkatkan kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah dan moral secara terintegrasi pada anak usia dini dengan menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan masih sangat jarang dilakukan. Padahal model pembelajaran penyelesaian masalah untuk mengembangkan kognitif yang terintegrasi dengan moral penting dilakukan agar anak-anak mampu mengembangkan kognitif dan moral dengan baik secara bersamaan. Untuk itu penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menghasilkan studi awal, validitas model, dan efektifitas model tentang model pembelajaran penyelesaian masalah (problem solving) terintegrasi moral pada taman kanak-kanak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan model Dick & Carey. Responden penelitian adalah anak-anak Taman Kanak-kanak kelompok B di kabupaten Tangerang Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dengan model Dick & Carey untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar meliputi proses mengamati, menemukan, memikirkan dan melakukan layak digunakan berdasarkan hasil uji kelayakan oleh para pakar. Penelitian ini melibatkan para ahli media, ahli desain, dan ahli pendidikan anak usia dini (PIAUD) dalam proses validasi kesesuaian konten dan guru pendidikan anak usia dini sebagai pengguna. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran penyelesaian masalah terintegrasi moral dapat digunakan secara efektif berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan post-test pada tahap uji kelompok besar. Kefektifitas model tersebut diketahui berdasarkan hasil perhitungan probabilitas p-value uji T Paired yaitu = 0,000. Hasil perhitungan ini memberi arti bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan antara sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan karena nilai p-value< 0,05 (pada tingkat kepercayaan 95 %). Sementara itu nilai Mean -34,966 bernilai negative yang berarti terjadi kecenderungan kenaikan skor post-test secara signifikan sesudah diberikan perlakuan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran penyelesaian masalah dapat diterapkan secara efektif dalam meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif dan moral pada anak usia dini 5-6 tahun. Hasil peneiltian ini mendukung penelitian Herbert Simon dan Allen Newel yang menjelaskan bahwa dalam penyelesaian masalah penting diiringi dengan moral yang baik. Kata kunci: penyelesaian masalah (problem solving), desain pembelajaran (instructional design), pendidikan moral (moral education), pembelajaran terintegrasi ************ INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL TO DEVELOP MORALLY INTEGRATED PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD Abstract Abstract A proper learning model to develop integrated moral problem solving skills in early childhood is one of the important aspects to be studied. A number of previous studies have developed various learning models for the development of moral competence, religious values, and morals at the early childhood level. However, research for the development of learning models to improve the ability to solve moral problems in early childhood using research and development methods is still very rarely done. Whereas the problem solving learning model to develop cognitive integrated with moral is important to be carried out so that children are able to develop better cognitive and moral simultaneously. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of producing an initial study, model validity, and model effectiveness on an integrated moral problem solving learning model in early childhood kindergartens. This study used the research and development method of the Dick & Carey model. The research respondents were a Kindergarten children in group B in South Tangerang district. The results of this study show that the learning model developed with the Dick & Carey model to improve learning outcomes includes the process of observing, finding, thinking and doing can be effectively implemented based on the results of feasibility tests by experts. This research involves media experts, design experts, and early childhood education (PIAUD) experts in the process of validating the suitability of content and early childhood education teachers as users. The results of this study also show that the moral integrated problem solving learning model can be used effectively based on the results of the pre-test and post-test. The effectiveness of the model is known based on the results of the calculation of the probability p-value of the Paired T test, which is = 0.000. The results of this calculation mean that there is a significant difference in ability between before and after treatment because the p-value is <0.05 (at the 95% confidence level). Meanwhile, the Mean value of -34.966 is negative, which means that there is a tendency to significantly increase the post-test score after being given treatment. The conclusion of this study is that the problem-solving learning model can be applied effectively in improving cognitive and moral development in early childhood 5-6 years. The results of this study support the research of Herbert Simon and Allen Newel who explain that in solving important problems should be accompanied with good morals. Keywords: Problem solving, instrcution design, research and development, moral education, integrated learning

Item Type: Thesis (Doktor)
Additional Information: 1). Prof. Fasli Jalal, Ph.D ; 2). Dr.Ir.Rusmono, M.Pd.
Subjects: Pendidikan > Pendidikan Dasar > Pendidikan Anak
Divisions: PASCASARJANA > S3 Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Depositing User: Users 18032 not found.
Date Deposited: 11 Apr 2023 03:59
Last Modified: 11 Apr 2023 03:59
URI: http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/38776

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