MARXISM LITERARY CRITICISM: STATE APPARATUSES ON "1984" NOVEL BY GEORGE ORWELL

ANANG PRAYOGA INDRA RACHMANI, . (2023) MARXISM LITERARY CRITICISM: STATE APPARATUSES ON "1984" NOVEL BY GEORGE ORWELL. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Marxism literary criticism focuses on the premises that literature has ideological function, based on the background and ideology of the author. Class struggle and relation of production becomes central basis of this analysis. Not only talking about class struggle, Marxism also conveys not only class struggle, but Marxism also conveys state apparatus, in which Louis Althusser is the expertise of it. The purpose of the study is to find Marxism value in “1984” novel, especially those that are related to state apparatus. Marxism literary criticism is chosen because Marxism is still a relevant theory to study and it will relate to Indonesian context. Louis Althusser’s state apparatus theory becomes a base theory because while there are many researches about Marxism, there are still few researches about state apparatus on literary works such as novel. There are 8 RSA (repressive state apparatus) quotation and 13 ISA (ideological state apparatus) quotation. This implies that Orwell would like to emphasize on the ISA aspect rather than RSA. But that does not mean he forget about RSA since in the climax and falling action of the novel Orwell explained how RSA works. There are 4 repressive state apparatus: Big Brother, thought police, Ministry of Peace and Ministry of Love. Meanwhile, the ideological state apparatuses on the novel are Ministry of Truth and Ministry of Plenty. The novel also explains how indoctrination performed by ISA works. ***** Kritik sastra Marxisme menitikberatkan pada premis bahwa sastra memiliki fungsi ideologis, berdasarkan latar belakang dan ideologi pengarangnya. Perjuangan kelas dan relasi produksi menjadi basis sentral dari analisis ini. Tidak hanya berbicara tentang perjuangan kelas, Marxisme juga menyampaikan tidak hanya perjuangan kelas, tetapi Marxisme juga menyampaikan aparatur negara, di mana Louis Althusser adalah ahlinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan nilai Marxisme dalam novel “1984”, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan aparatus negara. Kritik sastra Marxisme dipilih karena Marxisme masih merupakan teori yang relevan untuk dikaji dan akan dikaitkan dengan konteks Indonesia. Teori aparatus negara Louis Althusser menjadi teori dasar karena meskipun banyak penelitian tentang Marxisme, masih sedikit penelitian tentang aparatur negara dalam karya sastra seperti novel. Terdapat 8 kutipan RSA (repressive state apparatus) dan 13 kutipan ISA (ideological state apparatus). Ini menyiratkan bahwa Orwell ingin menekankan pada aspek ISA daripada RSA. Namun bukan berarti ia melupakan RSA karena di klimaks dan aksi jatuh novel Orwell menjelaskan bagaimana RSA bekerja. Ada 4 aparatur negara yang represif: Kakak, Polisi Pikiran, Kementerian Damai dan Kementerian Cinta Kasih. Sedangkan ideologi aparatur negara dalam novel tersebut adalah Kementerian Kebenaran dan Kementerian Kemakmuran. Novel ini juga menjelaskan bagaimana indoktrinasi yang dilakukan oleh ISA bekerja. Keywords: Marxism, state apparatus, “1984”, literary criticism

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Rahayu Purbasari, M.Hum ; 2). Atikah Ruslianti, M.Hum
Subjects:	Filsafat, Psikologi & Agama > Filsafat, Teori Filsafat Bahasa dan Kesusastraan > Bahasa Inggris Bahasa dan Kesusastraan > Sastra Inggris
Divisions:	FBS > S1 Sastra Inggris
Depositing User:	Users 20699 not found.
Date Deposited:	19 Sep 2023 01:54
Last Modified:	19 Sep 2023 01:54
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/42385

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