PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN STRUKTUR MODAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

ALIYA DESY KUSDICKAYATI, . (2026) PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN STRUKTUR MODAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh profitabilitas dan likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan struktur modal sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan sektor transportasi dan logistik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2021–2024. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada signaling theory dan trade-off theory, di mana profitabilitas dan likuiditas dipandang sebagai sinyal kinerja perusahaan bagi investor, sedangkan struktur modal mencerminkan keseimbangan antara risiko dan imbal hasil dalam meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan, serta teknik purposive sampling dalam pemilihan sampel. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel dan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Nilai perusahaan diukur dengan Tobin’s Q, sementara profitabilitas dan likuiditas masing-masing diproksikan dengan Return on Assets (ROA) dan Current Ratio (CR). Struktur modal diukur menggunakan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), serta firm size sebagai variabel kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan, sedangkan likuiditas tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Selain itu, struktur modal tidak mampu memoderasi hubungan antara profitabilitas dan nilai perusahaan maupun antara likuiditas dan nilai perusahaan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa investor lebih menekankan kemampuan perusahaan dalam menghasilkan laba sebagai sinyal kinerja dibandingkan kondisi likuiditas maupun struktur modal.***** This study examines the effect of profitability and liquidity on firm value with capital structure as a moderating variable in transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2024 period. Grounded in signaling theory and trade-off theory, profitability and liquidity are expected to provide positive signals to investors, while capital structure is assumed to influence the balance between risk and return in enhancing firm value. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data from financial statements, with purposive sampling as the sampling technique. The analysis is conducted using panel data regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Firm value is measured by Tobin’s Q, while profitability and liquidity are proxied by Return on Assets (ROA) and Current Ratio (CR), respectively. Capital structure is measured using Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and firm size is included as a control variable. The findings reveal that profitability has a positive effect on firm value, while liquidity has no significant effect. Furthermore, capital structure is not proven to moderate the relationship between profitability and firm value nor between liquidity and firm value. These results indicate that investors place greater emphasis on the company’s ability to generate profits as a signal of performance, while liquidity and capital structure do not significantly strengthen this relationship.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information: 1) Prof. Dr. Gatot Nazir Ahmad, S.Si., M.Si. 2) Dicky Iranto, S.E., M.S.E.
Subjects: Manajemen > Manajemen , Business
Divisions: FE > S1 Manajemen
Depositing User: Aliya Desy Kusdickayati .
Date Deposited: 13 May 2026 04:37
Last Modified: 13 May 2026 04:37
URI: http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/66231

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