PENGARUH LONELINESS DAN SPIRITUALITAS TERHADAP PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING PADA LANSIA DI PANTI SOSIAL TRESNA WREDHA BUDI MULIA 3 JAKARTA

ANGELA OLIVIA LUBIS, . (2026) PENGARUH LONELINESS DAN SPIRITUALITAS TERHADAP PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING PADA LANSIA DI PANTI SOSIAL TRESNA WREDHA BUDI MULIA 3 JAKARTA. Magister thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh loneliness dan spiritualitas terhadap psychological well-being pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Wredha (PSTW) Budi Mulia 3 Jakarta. Penelitian dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya jumlah lansia yang menghadapi berbagai perubahan fisik, psikologis, sosial, dan spiritual selama proses penuaan, khususnya pada lansia yang tinggal di panti sosial. Berdasarkan hasil asesmen lapangan, ditemukan bahwa sebagian lansia masih mengalami kesepian, kehilangan makna hidup, penurunan motivasi, serta kesulitan dalam mempertahankan kesejahteraan psikologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Ecological Theory of Aging dari Lawton dan Nahemow untuk menjelaskan bahwa kesejahteraan psikologis lansia dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara karakteristik individu dan lingkungan tempat mereka menjalani kehidupan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain survei cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 65 lansia berusia 60–89 tahun yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Psychological well-being diukur menggunakan Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, loneliness diukur menggunakan UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, sedangkan spiritualitas diukur menggunakan Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda setelah memenuhi uji asumsi klasik yang meliputi uji normalitas, linearitas, multikolinearitas, dan heteroskedastisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa loneliness berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap psychological well-being (β = –0,301; p = 0,019), sedangkan spiritualitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap psychological well-being (p = 0,053). Namun, loneliness dan spiritualitas secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap psychological well-being, dengan kontribusi sebesar 21,7%, sedangkan 78,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar penelitian. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kesejahteraan psikologis lansia tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kondisi internal individu, tetapi juga oleh interaksi antara pengalaman kesepian, sumber daya spiritual, dan lingkungan sosial tempat lansia menjalani kehidupan. Oleh karena itu, upaya meningkatkan psychological well-being pada lansia di panti sosial perlu dilakukan secara komprehensif melalui pengurangan loneliness, penguatan spiritualitas, serta penciptaan lingkungan yang mendukung proses adaptasi dan keberfungsian psikologis lansia.***** This study aimed to examine the influence of loneliness and spirituality on the psychological well-being of older adults residing at Panti Sosial Tresna Wredha (PSTW) Budi Mulia 3 Jakarta. The study was motivated by the increasing number of older adults experiencing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual changes during the aging process, particularly those living in institutional care. Preliminary field assessments indicated that several residents experienced loneliness, loss of meaning in life, decreased motivation, and difficulties in maintaining psychological well-being. This study adopted Lawton and Nahemow's Ecological Theory of Aging, proposing that older adults' well-being is shaped by the interaction between individual competence and environmental demands. This research employed a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 65 participants aged 60–89 years were selected through purposive sampling. Psychological well-being was measured using the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, loneliness was assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, and spirituality was measured using the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression after meeting the assumptions of normality, linearity, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. The findings revealed that loneliness had a significant negative effect on psychological well-being (β = –0.301; p = 0.019), whereas spirituality did not have a statistically significant effect (p = 0.053). However, loneliness and spirituality simultaneously had a significant effect on psychological well-being, explaining 21.7% of the variance, while 78.3% was attributable to other factors beyond the scope of this study. These findings indicate that older adults' psychological well-being is influenced not only by internal personal resources but also by the interaction between loneliness, spirituality, and the social environment in which they live. Therefore, efforts to enhance psychological well-being among institutionalized older adults should adopt a comprehensive approach by reducing loneliness, strengthening spirituality, and creating supportive environments that facilitate successful adaptation and psychological functioning.

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. phil. Zarina Akbar, M.Psi, Psikolog 2). Mira Ariyani, M.Si., Ph.D.
Subjects:	Filsafat, Psikologi & Agama > Psikologi, Ilmu Jiwa
Divisions:	FPPsi > S2 Sains Psikologi
Depositing User:	Angela Olivia Lubis .
Date Deposited:	19 Aug 2026 03:55
Last Modified:	19 Aug 2026 03:55
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/71707

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