ANALISIS KETERLAMBATAN PENGIRIMAN AIR FREIGHT IMPORT DAMPAK KONFLIK IRAN-US PADA PT. XYZ

FITRI ANGGRAENI PUSPITANINGRUM, . (2026) ANALISIS KETERLAMBATAN PENGIRIMAN AIR FREIGHT IMPORT DAMPAK KONFLIK IRAN-US PADA PT. XYZ. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Konflik geopolitik antara Iran dan United States yang berlangsung sejak akhir Februari 2026 menyebabkan penutupan wilayah udara di sejumlah negara Timur Tengah serta pengalihan jalur penerbangan internasional, sehingga berdampak pada keterlambatan pengiriman Air Freight Import pada PT. XYZ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan waktu pengiriman (Lead time) Air Freight Import antara periode sebelum dan selama konflik geopolitik berlangsung, serta mengetahui dampak konflik tersebut terhadap tingkat keterlambatan pengiriman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data berupa 147 data shipment periode Januari–April 2026 yang diperoleh dari sistem Cargowise One, serta wawancara terhadap tiga informan kunci yaitu Manajer Air freight, Staff operasional Air Freight Import, dan Manajer Sales sebagai triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keterlambatan shipment secara keseluruhan meningkat tajam dari 12,88% pada Januari 2026 menjadi 56,49% pada Maret 2026 saat konflik mencapai puncak eskalasinya, dengan tingkat keterlambatan pada shipment asal Eropa yang melalui hub transit Timur Tengah bahkan mencapai 97,06% dan Lead time terpanjang 11 hari. Gangguan tersebut ditandai oleh penutupan penuh wilayah udara Doha, penghentian operasional Emirates, flydubai, dan Etihad Airways dari serta menuju Dubai dan Abu Dhabi, serta pengalihan tekanan operasional ke Bandara Muscat. Setelah gencatan senjata disepakati pada 8 April 2026, tingkat keterlambatan berangsur menurun menjadi 16,40% untuk keseluruhan shipment. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa besarnya dampak keterlambatan pada suatu hub transit lebih ditentukan oleh tingkat sensitivitas hub tersebut terhadap risiko keamanan geopolitik dibandingkan volume shipment maupun kapasitas hub, sebagaimana terlihat pada Bandara Muscat yang tetap mengalami keterlambatan hingga 95,45% akibat gejala ripple effect meskipun menampung volume shipment terbesar. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa konflik geopolitik Iran-United States memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap keterlambatan pengiriman Air Freight Import pada PT. XYZ, sehingga diperlukan strategi mitigasi risiko seperti diversifikasi rute dan maskapai penerbangan untuk menjaga kelancaran distribusi logistik udara pada masa mendatang. ***** The geopolitical conflict between Iran and the United States, which began in late February 2026, led to the closure of airspace in several Middle eastern countries and the rerouting of international flight paths, thereby causing delays in Air Freight Import Shipments at PT. XYZ. This study aims to analyze the difference in Air Freight Import Lead time between the period before and during the geopolitical conflict, and to determine the impact of the conflict on shipment delay rates. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach with data consisting of 147 shipment records for the January–April 2026 period obtained from the Cargowise One system, along with interviews with three key informants, namely the Air freight Manager, the Air Freight Import Operations Supervisor, and the Sales Manager, used as data triangulation. The results show that the overall shipment delay rate rose sharply from 12.88% in January 2026 to 56.49% in March 2026 when the conflict reached its peak, with delay rates for European-origin Shipments transiting Middle eastern hubs reaching as high as 97.06% and the longest Lead time recorded at 11 days. These disruptions were marked by the complete closure of Doha's airspace, the suspension of Emirates, flydubai, and Etihad Airways operations to and from Dubai and Abu Dhabi, and the shift of operational pressure to Muscat Airport. Following the ceasefire agreed on 8 April 2026, the delay rate gradually declined to 16.40% for overall Shipments. This study also found that the magnitude of delay impact at a given transit hub was determined more by that hub's sensitivity to geopolitical security risk than by shipment volume or hub capacity, as seen at Muscat Airport, which still experienced delays of up to 95.45% due to a ripple effect despite handling the largest shipment volume. This study concludes that the Iran-United States geopolitical conflict had a significant impact on Air Freight Import delivery delays at PT. XYZ, indicating the need for risk mitigation strategies such as route and airline diversification to maintain the smooth flow of air logistics distribution going forward.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Vivian Karim Ladesi, S.T., M.T; 2). Prof. Dr. Henita Rahmayanti, M.Si.
Subjects:	Ilmu Sosial > Transportasi
Divisions:	FT > D IV Manajemen Pelabuhan dan Logistik Maritim
Depositing User:	Fitri Anggraeni Puspitaningrum .
Date Deposited:	20 Aug 2026 03:22
Last Modified:	20 Aug 2026 03:22
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/72126

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