PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN JIGSAW READING, QUESTIONING, AND ANSWERING (JiRQA) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ANALISIS KAUSALITAS PADA MATERI PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN

ILHAM AHDA REVANOF, . (2026) PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN JIGSAW READING, QUESTIONING, AND ANSWERING (JiRQA) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ANALISIS KAUSALITAS PADA MATERI PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Kemampuan analisis kausalitas penting untuk memahami fenomena perubahan lingkungan yang kompleks, namun murid cenderung membangun penjelasan sebab–akibat secara linear dan sulit menjelaskan hubungan multikausal, mekanistik, dan probabilistik. Bukti empiris mengenai efektivitas model Jigsaw-Reading, Questioning, and Answering (JiRQA) dalam mengembangkan kemampuan ini masih terbatas. Penelitian kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain pretest-posttest control group ini melibatkan 54 murid kelas X SMA Negeri 103 Jakarta (27 murid kelas eksperimen dengan JiRQA, 27 murid kelas kontrol dengan Problem Based Learning/PBL) yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data Gain Score dianalisis menggunakan Welch's independent samples t-test untuk kemampuan analisis kausalitas secara keseluruhan, serta Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) untuk mengetahui perbedaan pada keempat dimensinya (Mechanism, Interaction Pattern, Probability, Agency). Hasil uji-t menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan analisis kausalitas yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol (p = 0,119). Namun, hasil MANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan multivariat yang signifikan pada keempat dimensi (Pillai's Trace = 0,3055; p = 0,001), dan uji lanjutan mengonfirmasi bahwa perbedaan tersebut bersumber secara spesifik dari dimensi Agency, dengan ukuran efek yang besar (partial η² = 0,280), sementara ketiga dimensi lainnya tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengaruh JiRQA terhadap kemampuan analisis kausalitas tidak tersebar merata di seluruh dimensi, melainkan terkonsentrasi secara spesifik pada kemampuan mengidentifikasi ragam faktor penyebab suatu fenomena. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan menggunakan sampel yang lebih besar, durasi intervensi yang lebih panjang, serta pendekatan mixed methods untuk menelusuri lebih dalam temuan pada dimensi Agency. ***** Causal analysis is an important competency for understanding complex environmental change phenomena, yet students tend to construct linear cause-and-effect explanations and struggle to account for multicausal, mechanistic, and probabilistic relationships. Empirical evidence on the effectiveness of the Jigsaw-Reading, Questioning, and Answering (JiRQA) model in developing this competency remains limited. This quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group study involved 54 tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 103 Jakarta (27 students in an experimental class taught with JiRQA, 27 in a control class taught with Problem-Based Learning/PBL), selected through purposive sampling. Gain Score data were analyzed using Welch's independent samples t-test for overall causal analysis skills, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to examine differences across its four dimensions (Mechanism, Interaction Pattern, Probability, Agency). The t-test results showed no significant difference in the improvement of causal analysis skills between the experimental and control classes (p = .119). However, MANOVA results revealed a significant multivariate difference across the four dimensions (Pillai's Trace = 0.3055; p = .001), and follow-up analysis confirmed that this difference stemmed specifically from the Agency dimension, with a large effect size (partial η² = .280), while the other three dimensions showed no significant differences. These findings indicate that the effect of JiRQA on causal analysis skills was not evenly distributed across dimensions,but concentrated specifically on the ability to identify diverse causal factors of a phenomenon. Future research is recommended to employ larger samples, longer intervention periods, and a mixed-methods approach to further explore the finding on the Agency dimension.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Erna Heryanti, S.Hut., M.Si. ; 2). Dr. Rizhal Hendi Ristanto, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Subjects:	Sains > Sains, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Sains > Ilmu Bumi > Biologi
Divisions:	FMIPA > S1 Pendidikan Biologi
Depositing User:	Ilham Ahda Revanof .
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2026 08:19
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2026 08:19
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/73049

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