FITRIANI LESTARI, . (2026) METODE BERMAIN EKSPERIMEN BERBASIS BAHAN ALAM DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.
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Abstract
Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan kompetensi penting yang perlu dikembangkan sejak usia dini agar anak mampu mengamati, menganalisis, memecahkan masalah, dan mengambil keputusan secara logis. Namun, pembelajaran di lembaga PAUD masih cenderung berpusat pada guru, kegiatan eksperimen belum menjadi kegiatan rutin, dan pemanfaatan bahan alam sebagai media pembelajaran belum optimal, sehingga kesempatan anak untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis menjadi terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis metode bermain eksperimen berbasis bahan alam dalam mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur (literature review) dengan menganalisis dua puluh artikel penelitian yang relevan melalui teknik analisis isi (content analysis), yang mencakup penelusuran, seleksi, analisis, dan sintesis sumber pustaka berupa buku, jurnal, dan artikel ilmiah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa metode bermain eksperimen berbasis bahan alam—yang melibatkan tahapan mengamati, bertanya, membuat dugaan, mencoba, mengamati hasil, dan menyimpulkan—efektif menstimulasi kemampuan berpikir kritis anak, dengan bahan alam seperti air, pasir, tanah, daun, dan biji-bijian sebagai media utama, guru berperan sebagai fasilitator, serta asesmen autentik digunakan untuk menilai proses berpikir anak, bukan hanya hasil akhir. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode bermain eksperimen berbasis bahan alam merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang relevan dan efektif untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis anak usia 5-6 tahun secara kontekstual dan bermakna. Kata kunci: metode bermain eksperimen, bahan alam, keterampilan berpikir kritis, anak usia dini, studi literatur. ***** Critical thinking is an essential competency that should be nurtured from an early age so children can observe, analyze, solve problems, and make logical decisions. However, learning practices in early childhood education (ECE) institutions remain largely teacher-centered, experimental play activities are not yet a routine part of instruction, and natural materials are underutilized as learning media, limiting children's opportunities to develop critical thinking skills. This study aims to analyze the nature-based experimental play method in developing critical thinking skills among children aged 5-6 years. A literature review approach was employed, analyzing twenty relevant research articles through content analysis, involving the searching, selection, analysis, and synthesis of sources such as books, journals, and scientific articles. The findings indicate that the nature-based experimental play method—which involves the stages of observing, questioning, predicting, experimenting, observing results, and concluding—effectively stimulates children's critical thinking skills. Natural materials such as water, sand, soil, leaves, and seeds serve as the primary media, teachers act as facilitators, and authentic assessment is used to evaluate children's thinking processes rather than only their final outcomes. It is concluded that the nature-based experimental play method is a relevant and effective learning approach for developing critical thinking skills in children aged 5-6 years in a contextual and meaningful way. Keywords: experimental play method, natural materials, critical thinking skills, early childhood, literature review.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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| Additional Information: | 1). Dr. Hapidin, M.Pd. ; 2). Dr. phil. Sri Indah Pujiastuti, M.Pd |
| Subjects: | Pendidikan > Pendidikan Dasar > Pendidikan Anak |
| Divisions: | FIP > S1 Pendidikan Guru PAUD |
| Depositing User: | Fitriani Lestari . |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Sep 2026 07:52 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Sep 2026 07:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/73776 |
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