KELANGKAAN IKAN IHAN BATAK SEBAGAI IDE PENCIPTAAN KARYA DRAWING HITAM PUTIH

PERMARTIN NADEAK, . (2026) KELANGKAAN IKAN IHAN BATAK SEBAGAI IDE PENCIPTAAN KARYA DRAWING HITAM PUTIH. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Kelangkaan ikan Ihan Batak (Neolissochilus thienemanni) yang merupakan spesies endemik Danau Toba menjadi permasalahan ekologis yang disebabkan oleh kerusakan habitat, pencemaran perairan, penangkapan ikan secara ilegal menggunakan alat setrum, serta meningkatnya dominasi ikan predator. Permasalahan tersebut menjadi dasar dalam penciptaan karya seni drawing hitam putih sebagai media ekspresi visual sekaligus sarana membangun kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya pelestarian lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menciptakan karya drawing hitam putih yang merepresentasikan kelangkaan ikan Ihan Batak melalui pendekatan simbolik dan ekspresif. Metode yang digunakan adalah Practice-Based Research yang meliputi tahap identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka dan observasi, eksplorasi ide, eksperimen visual, perancangan, hingga proses penciptaan karya. Landasan teori yang digunakan meliputi teori drawing menurut Betty Edwards, Wucius Wong, Zelanski dan Fisher, Andrew Loomis, serta pendekatan praktik seni menurut Graeme Sullivan. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan karya drawing hitam putih yang memvisualisasikan berbagai penyebab kelangkaan ikan Ihan Batak, yaitu pencemaran limbah domestik, penangkapan ikan menggunakan setrum, dominasi ikan predator, degradasi ekosistem Danau Toba, serta hubungan antara ikan Ihan Batak dengan identitas budaya Batak melalui simbol kain ulos. Penggunaan teknik arsir, garis, tekstur, dan kontras gelap-terang mampu memperkuat suasana dramatik sekaligus membangun narasi visual mengenai krisis ekologis yang terjadi. Penciptaan karya ini menunjukkan bahwa drawing tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai media estetis, tetapi juga sebagai media refleksi, kritik sosial, dan edukasi lingkungan yang mampu menyampaikan pesan pelestarian ekosistem kepada masyarakat. ***** The scarcity of the Ihan Batak fish (Neolissochilus thienemanni), an endemic species of Lake Toba, has become an ecological issue caused by habitat degradation, water pollution, illegal fishing using electric shock devices, and the increasing dominance of predatory fish. These issues serve as the foundation for the creation of black-and-white drawing artworks as a medium of visual expression and as a means of raising public awareness about the importance of environmental conservation. This study aims to create black-and-white drawings that represent the scarcity of the Ihan Batak fish through symbolic and expressive approaches. The research employed the Practice-Based Research method, which consisted of problem identification, data collection through literature review and observation, idea exploration, visual experimentation, design development, and the artwork creation process. The theoretical framework was based on drawing theories proposed by Betty Edwards, Wucius Wong, Zelanski and Fisher, and Andrew Loomis, as well as the practice-based art approach developed by Graeme Sullivan. The results of this study consist of a series of black-and-white drawing artworks that visualize the major factors contributing to the scarcity of the Ihan Batak fish, including domestic waste pollution, illegal electrofishing, the dominance of predatory fish, the degradation of the Lake Toba ecosystem, and the relationship between the Ihan Batak fish and Batak cultural identity through the symbol of the ulos cloth. The use of hatching techniques, line quality, texture, and strong light–dark contrast enhances the dramatic atmosphere while constructing a visual narrative of the ongoing ecological crisis. The creation of these artworks demonstrates that drawing functions not only as an aesthetic medium but also as a medium for reflection, social criticism, and environmental education capable of communicating the importance of ecosystem conservation to the public.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Saut Mangihut Marpaung, S. Sn., M.Sn. ; 2). Leny Suryani, S. Pd., M. Sn
Subjects:	Kesenian > Seni Menggambar
Divisions:	FBS > S1 Pendidikan Seni Rupa
Depositing User:	Permartin Nadeak .
Date Deposited:	07 Sep 2026 07:26
Last Modified:	07 Sep 2026 07:26
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/73786

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