NABILAH NOV FIKRIYYAH, . (2022) UJI KEMAMPUAN KHAMIR PHYLLOPLANE SEBAGAI AGEN ANTAGONIS Ganoderma sp. PENYEBAB BASAL STEM ROT. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.
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Abstract
Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu sumber minyak nabati terbesar. Akan tetapi, keberlangsungan produksi minyak kelapa sawit di Indonesia saat ini terancam oleh serangan penyakit tanaman yang menyebabkan kematian dan penurunan produksi tanaman kelapa sawit. Penyakit busuk pangkal batang atau Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disebabkan oleh kapang yang berasal dari genus Ganoderma. Berbagai upaya pecegahan sudah dilakukan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan dan penyebaran serangan Ganoderma. Khamir dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif pada pengendalian patogen Ganoderma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan khamir phylloplane koleksi Universitas Negeri Jakarta Culture Collection (UNJCC) asal daun Cerbera manghas dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ganoderma. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan identifikasi khamir phylloplane UNJCC dan dilanjutkan dengan pengujian patogenitas khamir terhadap benih tanaman sawi, uji antagonis khamir phylloplane terhadap Ganoderma, dan uji aktivitas senyawa volatil yang dihasilkan khamir phylloplane terhadap Ganoderma. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji deskriptif. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan Isolat UNJCC Y30 memiliki similaritas 99% dengan Trichosporon asahii, Isolat UNJCC Y33 dan UNJCC Y37 memiliki similaritas 99% dengan Debaryomyces hansenii, dan UNJCC Y40 memiliki similaritas 100% dengan Trichosporon coremiiforme. Trichosporon asahii UNJCC Y30 memiliki persentase kejadian penyakit paling tinggi sebesar 56% dengan nilai kemampuan tumbuh benih hanya 0,92 ± 0,25 benih. Sedangkan nilai persentase kejadian penyakit terendah sebesar 32% dengan nilai kemampuan tumbuh benih sebesar 2,50 ± 0,62 benih oleh isolat D. hansenii UNJCC Y37. Hasil persentase hambat setelah masa inkubasi selama 5 hari diperoleh nilai tertinggi terdapat pada isolat T. coremiiforme UNJCC Y40 sebesar 11,14 ± 0,57% dan merupakan satu-satunya khamir yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Ganoderma sp. pada uji senyawa volatil dengan persentase hambat sebesar 6,22 ± 0,32%. Sedangkan persentase penghambatan terendah pada uji antagonis terdapat dan pada isolat D. hansenii UNJCC Y37 yaitu sebesar 6,98 ± 0,33%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini, isolat T. coremiiforme memiliki potensi paling tinggi sebagai agen antagonis dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ganoderma sp. ********************************* Palm oil is one of the largest sources of vegetable oil. However, the sustainability of palm oil production in Indonesia is currently threatened by plant diseases that cause death and decline in oil palm production. Basal stem rot (BSR) is a disease caused by molds belonging to the genus Ganoderma. Various preventive efforts have been made to inhibit the growth and spread of Ganoderma. Yeast can be used as an alternative in controlling Ganoderma. This study aimed to determine the ability of the phylloplane yeast from the Univeritas Negeri Jakarta Culture Collection (UNJCC) collection from Cerbera manghas leaves to inhibit the growth of Ganoderma. This research began with the identification of the UNJCC phylloplane yeast and continued with testing the pathogenicity of the yeast against white cabbage seeds, testing the phylloplane yeast antagonist against Ganoderma, and testing the activity of volatile compounds produced by the phylloplane yeast against Ganoderma. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive test. The identification results showed that UNJCC Y30 had 99% similarity with Trichosporon asahii, UNJCC Y33 and UNJCC Y37 had 99% similarity with Debaryomyces hansenii, and UNJCC Y40 had 100% similarity with Trichosporon coremiiforme. Trichosporon asahii UNJCC Y30 has the highest percentage of disease incidence by 56% with a seed growth ability value only 0,92 ± 0,25 seeds. While the lowest percentage value of disease incidence is 32% with a seed growth ability value of 2,50 ± 0,62 seeds by isolate D. hansenii UNJCC Y37. The results of the inhibitory activity test after an incubation period of 5 days showed that the highest percentage of inhibition of the antagonist test was found in the isolate T. coremiiforme UNJCC Y40 of 11,14 ± 0,57% and was the only yeast capable of inhibiting the growth of Ganoderma sp. in the test of volatile compounds with an inhibitory percentage is 6,22 ± 0,32%. Meanwhile, the lowest percentage of inhibition in the antagonist test was found in the isolate D. hansenii UNJCC Y37 which was 6,98 ± 0,33%. Based on the results of the tests carried out in this study, isolates of T. coremiiforme had the highest potential as antagonistic agents in inhibiting the growth of Ganoderma sp.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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| Additional Information: | 1). Dr. Dalia Sukmawati, M.Si. ; 2). Dr. Reni Indrayanti, M.Si. |
| Subjects: | Sains > Ilmu Bumi > Biologi |
| Divisions: | FMIPA > S1 Pendidikan Biologi |
| Depositing User: | sawung yudo |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Nov 2024 01:28 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Nov 2024 01:28 |
| URI: | http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/52065 |
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