ANALISIS NON-PHYSICAL WASTE (WAITING) PADA PELAKSANAAN PROYEK BANGUNAN GEDUNG DI PT. X MENGGUNAKAN LEAN CONSTRUCTION TOOLS

REFIA ALAIDA, . (2025) ANALISIS NON-PHYSICAL WASTE (WAITING) PADA PELAKSANAAN PROYEK BANGUNAN GEDUNG DI PT. X MENGGUNAKAN LEAN CONSTRUCTION TOOLS. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas non-physical waste kategori waiting yang terjadi pada proyek bangunan gedung di PT. X. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab terjadinya waiting dalam pelaksanaan proyek, menganalisis deviasi jadwal akibat waste kategori waiting, serta merumuskan strategi perbaikan untuk meminimalisir waste kategori waiting. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan data diperoleh melalui studi dokumentasi berupa laporan penerapan lean construction dari lima proyek bangunan gedung. Validasi dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan pakar untuk memastikan kesesuaian temuan dengan kondisi lapangan. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa faktor paling dominan penyebab waste waiting adalah kekurangan material dengan total 62 kejadian. Faktor lain yang cukup sering terjadi adalah kekurangan tenaga kerja (34 kejadian) dan area belum siap (28 kejadian). Analisis deviasi menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata deviasi akibat waiting di seluruh proyek adalah sebesar 5,25 hari atau 29% dari durasi pekerjaan. Proyek C mencatat persentase deviasi tertinggi (80%) karena durasi pekerjaan yang pendek, sehingga slack sangat terbatas. Sebaliknya, Proyek E memiliki deviasi rata-rata waktu terbesar (11,79 hari) meskipun persentasenya hanya 25%, karena durasi pekerjaan yang panjang memberikan kelonggaran waktu lebih besar sehingga akumulasi waiting berdampak signifikan. Sebagai upaya meminimalkan waste waiting, disarankan penerapan Look Ahead Planning secara konsisten untuk memetakan hambatan lebih awal, memastikan kesiapan area kerja, serta meningkatkan koordinasi antar penyedia material, alat, dan sumber daya lainnya. Pendekatan ini selaras dengan prinsip lean construction dalam mengurangi pemborosan dan meningkatkan keandalan jadwal pelaksanaan proyek. Kata kunci: Waiting, Non-Physical Waste, Jadwal Proyek, Critical Path Method ***** This study examines the non-physical waiting waste categories that occur in building projects at PT. X. The objectives of this study were to identify the causes of waiting in project implementation, analyze schedule deviations due to waiting waste categories, and develop improvement strategies to minimize waiting waste categories. The method used was descriptive quantitative, with data obtained through a documentary study of Lean Construction implementation reports from five building projects. Validation was conducted through interviews with construction experts to ensure the suitability of the materials for the field conditions. The identification results indicated that material shortages were the most dominant factor causing waiting waste, with a total of 62 incidents. Other factors that occurred quite frequently were labor shortages (34 incidents) and unprepared areas (28 incidents). Deviation analysis showed that the average deviation due to waiting across all projects was 5.25 days, or 29% of the project duration. Project C recorded the highest percentage of deviations (80%) due to the short project duration, resulting in very limited slack. In contrast, Project E had the largest average time deviation (11.79 days) even though the percentage was only 25%, because the long work duration provided greater time leeway so that the accumulated waiting had a significant impact. As an effort to minimize waiting waste, it is recommended to consistently implement Look Ahead Planning to identify obstacles early, ensure work area readiness, and improve coordination between material, tool, and other resource providers. This approach is in line with the Lean Construction principle of reducing waste and increasing the efficiency of project implementation schedules. Keywords: Waiting, Non-Physical Waste, Project Schedule, Critical Path Method

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Anisah, M.T. ; 2). Anang Wirdianto, M.T.
Subjects:	Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Sipil Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Konstruksi Bangunan
Divisions:	FT > S1 Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan
Depositing User:	Refia Alaida .
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2025 03:31
Last Modified:	12 Aug 2025 03:31
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/60008

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