ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN HYBRID SISTEM PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR (PV-TEG) & PV-KONVENSIONAL

ALFARA BATHRIQ BAIRUNI, . (2025) ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN HYBRID SISTEM PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR (PV-TEG) & PV-KONVENSIONAL. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menganalisis sistem hybrid Photovoltaic–Thermoelectric generator (PV-TEG) sebagai solusi dalam meningkatkan efisiensi konversi energi surya. Sistem dirancang dengan menempatkan delapan modul TEG secara seri di bagian belakang panel surya guna mengubah panas terbuang menjadi energi listrik tambahan. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan sun simulator sebagai sumber pencahayaan buatan dengan dukungan sensor suhu DS18B20, mikrokontroler Arduino, multimeter, dan modul RTC untuk pencatatan data suhu secara real time selama 120 menit. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa daya listrik TEG meningkat seiring selisih suhu antara sisi panas dan dingin, namun menurun setelah melewati titik optimum akibat kenaikan suhu sisi dingin. Sensor suhu yang digunakan menunjukkan akurasi tinggi (98–99%) dengan tingkat linearitas yang baik. Pengujian panel PV menunjukkan nilai tegangan open circuit (Voc) sebesar 6,3 V dan arus short circuit (Isc) sebesar 0,171 A, dengan nilai fill factor (FF) antara 0,7 hingga 0,8. Secara keseluruhan, sistem hybrid PV-TEG memiliki efisiensi lebih tinggi dibandingkan PV konvensional, dengan efisiensi rata-rata mencapai 2,10% dibandingkan 1,52% pada PV saja, atau mengalami peningkatan sebesar 38,5%. Analisis perubahan tegangan, arus, daya, dan efisiensi terhadap suhu menunjukkan pola non-linier yang dimodelkan dengan regresi polinomial derajat empat. Setiap parameter memiliki titik optimum sekitar suhu 35,2°C, dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) berkisar antara 0,347 hingga 0,369. Meskipun hubungan antara suhu dan parameter keluaran bersifat moderat, performa sistem dipengaruhi pula oleh variabel eksternal seperti kestabilan suhu sisi dingin, intensitas iradiasi, dan distribusi panas.Kata kunci: panel surya, TEG, hybrid PV-TEG, efisiensi energi, sun simulator. *****This study aims to design and analyze a hybrid Photovoltaic–Thermoelectric generator (PV-TEG) system as a solution to improve solar energy conversion efficiency. The system was designed by placing eight TEG modules in series at the back of a photovoltaic panel to convert waste heat into additional electrical energy. Testing was conducted using a sun simulator as an artificial light source, supported by DS18B20 temperature sensors, an Arduino microcontroller, a multimeter, and an RTC module to record real-time temperature data over a 120-minute observation period. Characterization results showed that the electrical power generated by the TEG increased with the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides, but declined after reaching an optimal point due to the rising temperature on the cold side. The temperature sensors demonstrated high accuracy (98–99%) and good linearity. PV panel testing revealed an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 6.3 V and a short-circuit current (Isc) of 0.171 A, with a fill factor (FF) ranging from 0.7 to 0.8, which is considered good. Overall, the hybrid PV-TEG system exhibited higher efficiency than the conventional PV system, with an average efficiency of 2.10% compared to 1.52%, representing a 38.5% increase. The average additional power contribution from the TEG was 0.129 W. Analysis of the changes in voltage, current, power, and efficiency with respect to temperature revealed nonlinear patterns modeled using fourth-degree polynomial regression. Each parameter exhibited an optimal performance point around 35.2°C, with coefficients of determination (R²) ranging from 0.347 to 0.369. Although the relationships between temperature and output parameters are moderate, the system's performance is also influenced by external variables such as cold-side temperature stability, solar irradiance intensity, and heat distribution. Keywords: solar panel, TEG, hybrid PV-TEG, energy efficiency, sun simulator

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. Hadi Nasbey, S.Pd.,M.Si. ; 2). Syafrima Wahyu, M.Si.
Subjects:	Sains > Sains, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Sains > Fisika
Divisions:	FMIPA > S1 Fisika
Depositing User:	Alfara Bathriq Bairuni .
Date Deposited:	19 Aug 2025 03:38
Last Modified:	19 Aug 2025 03:38
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/61348

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