PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH ABU SERBUK KAYU MAHONI SEBAGAI BAHAN TAMBAH PADA PEMBUATAN PRODUK PAVING BLOCK

FARI RAZAN HAMMADI, . (2026) PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH ABU SERBUK KAYU MAHONI SEBAGAI BAHAN TAMBAH PADA PEMBUATAN PRODUK PAVING BLOCK. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan limbah abu serbuk kayu mahoni sebagai bahan tambah semen dalam pembuatan Paving block. Variasi komposisi abu serbuk kayu mahoni yang digunakan adalah 0%, 9%, 13%, dan 17% dengan perbandingan campuran 1 semen : 4 pasir : 0,35 faktor air semen (FAS). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Uji Bahan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Jakarta pada Februari–Juli 2025 menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Proses pembuatan benda uji dilakukan di PD. ANS BETON, Jakarta, menggunakan mesin press getar dengan jumlah total 80 buah Paving block berdimensi 21 × 10,5 × 8 cm, yang selanjutnya dirawat selama 28 hari sebelum dilakukan pengujian kuat tekan. Secara umum, kegiatan penelitian meliputi pengujian material awal, perancangan komposisi campuran, proses pencampuran, pencetakan, perawatan, serta pengujian sifat fisis dan mekanis Paving block. Hasil pengujian sifat tampak dan ukuran menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel memenuhi kriteria SNI 03-0691-1996, antara lain permukaan bebas cacat. Pemeriksaan dimensi juga menunjukkan bahwa seluruh Paving block memenuhi toleransi ukuran dengan ketebalan minimal 6 cm dan toleransi ±8% sesuai standar cetakan produsen dan ketentuan SNI. Kegiatan penelitian meliputi uji material awal, perancangan komposisi, pencampuran, pencetakan, perawatan, serta pengujian sifat fisis dan mekanis. Seluruh sampel memenuhi kriteria tampak dan ukuran sesuai SNI 03-0691-1996, termasuk toleransi ketebalan minimal 6 cm dan ±8%. Uji penyerapan air pada 0% ASKM sebesar 4,43%, meningkat pada 9% menjadi 6,96%, lalu menurun pada 13% sebesar 4,04% dan 17% sebesar 1,59%, dengan 17% sebagai nilai terbaik. Uji kuat tekan menunjukkan peningkatan dari 15,69 MPa (0%) menjadi 26,96 MPa (9%) dan tertinggi pada 13% sebesar 36,53 MPa; pada 17% sedikit turun menjadi 35,26 MPa. Pada uji Natrium Sulfat, 0% memiliki kehilangan massa tertinggi (3,871%) dan tidak lulus SNI. Variasi 9% kehilangan massa 0,9625% dan tetap lulus karena tidak cacat. Variasi 13% terbaik dengan kehilangan massa sangat kecil dan fisik sempurna, sedangkan 17% juga lulus dengan rata-rata 0,7885% meski satu sampel melewati 1%. Pada uji keausan, 0% menghasilkan 0,1946 mm/menit. Variasi 9% dan 13% menghasilkan 0,014 dan 0,0316 mm/menit, sedangkan 17% menghasilkan 0,094 mm/menit. Komposisi 13% paling efektif meningkatkan ketahanan aus. Berdasarkan rekapitulasi pengujian keseluruhan Pemanfaatan limbah abu serbuk kayu mahoni sebagai bahan tambah semen, presentase 13% dinyatakan sebagai presentase yang optimal dari beberapa pengujian yang telah dilakukan sebagai klasifikasi mutu B sebagai lahan parkir sesuai target, karena mendapatkan nilai penyerapan air sebesar 4,04%, kemudian uji kuat tekan didapatkan hasil diatas sebesar 36,53 MPa, pengujian natrium sulfat sebesar 0,3605% dengan rata-rata kehilangan massa paling rendah, dan ketahanan aus sebesar 0,0316 mm/menit yang tidak melebihi batas minimum mutu B. ***** This study aims to determine the use of mahogany sawdust ash waste as an additional cement material in the manufacture of Paving blocks. The variations in the composition of mahogany sawdust ash used were 0%, 9%, 13%, and 17% with a mixture ratio of 1 cement: 4 sand: 0.35 water cement factor (FAS). The study was conducted at the Materials Testing Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Jakarta State University in February–July 2025 using the Research and Development (R&D) method with the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The process of making test objects was carried out at PD. ANS BETON, Jakarta, using a vibrating press machine with a total of 80 Paving blocks with dimensions of 21 × 10.5 × 8 cm, which were then cured for 28 days before being tested for compressive strength. In general, research activities include initial material testing, mixture composition design, mixing process, molding, curing, and testing the physical and mechanical properties of Paving blocks. The results of the visible and dimensional properties test showed that all samples met the criteria of SNI 03-0691-1996, including a defect-free surface. Dimensional inspection also showed that all Paving blocks met the size tolerance with a minimum thickness of 6 cm and a tolerance of ±8% according to the manufacturer's mold standards and SNI provisions. Research activities included initial material testing, composition design, mixing, molding, curing, and physical and mechanical properties testing. All samples met the appearance and size criteria according to SNI 03-0691-1996, including a minimum thickness tolerance of 6 cm and ±8%. The water absorption test at 0% ASKM was 4.43%, increasing at 9% to 6.96%, then decreasing at 13% by 4.04% and 17% by 1.59%, with 17% as the best value. The compressive strength test showed an increase from 15.69 MPa (0%) to 26.96 MPa (9%) and the highest at 13% by 36.53 MPa; at 17% slightly decreased to 35.26 MPa. In the Sodium Sulfate test, 0% had the highest mass loss (3.871%) and did not pass SNI. The 9% variation lost 0.9625% of mass and still passed because it was not defective. The 13% variation was the best with very little mass loss and perfect physical condition, while 17% also passed with an average of 0.7885% even though one sample exceeded 1%. In the wear test, 0% produced 0.1946 mm/min. The 9% and 13% variations produced 0.014 and 0.0316 mm/min, respectively, while 17% produced 0.094 mm/min. The 13% composition was the most effective in increasing wear resistance. Based on the recapitulation of the overall test of the Utilization of mahogany sawdust ash waste as an additional cement material, the percentage of 13% is stated as the optimal percentage of several tests that have been carried out as a classification of quality B as a parking lot according to the target, because it gets a water absorption value of 4.04%, then the compressive strength test obtained the above results of 36.53 MPa, sodium sulfate testing of 0.3605% with the lowest average mass loss, and wear resistance of 0.0316 mm / minute which does not exceed the minimum limit of quality B.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Ir. Erna Septiandini, M.T. ; 2). Lenggogeni, M.T.
Subjects:	Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Sipil Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Teknik Jalan Raya Teknologi dan Ilmu Terapan > Konstruksi Bangunan
Divisions:	FT > D IV Teknologi Rekayasa Konstruksi Bangunan Gedung
Depositing User:	Users 32942 not found.
Date Deposited:	02 Feb 2026 05:12
Last Modified:	02 Feb 2026 05:12
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/64648

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