PHYSICAL FITNESS TRAINING MODEL FOR MIDDLE-AGES 45 TO 55 YEARS OLD

SHANG YUANFANG, . (2025) PHYSICAL FITNESS TRAINING MODEL FOR MIDDLE-AGES 45 TO 55 YEARS OLD. Doktor thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of a physical fitness training model for middle-aged people aged 45 to 55 years old. The research used a Research and Development (R&D) design based on the Borg and Gall model. A total of 80 eligible participants from Xinxiang, Henan Province were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 40 subjects in each group. A 12-week intervention was implemented, with 3 training sessions per week and approximately 30 minutes per session. The experimental group received a systematically designed physical fitness training model focusingon cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength, flexibility, and balance & core stability under professional guidance. The control group performed a conventional community fitness program with independent training and no targeted guidance. After data collection, no missing data were found. Descriptive statistics, normality tests, and the Shapiro-Wilk test revealed that the Ngain_Score data of physical fitness indicators were not normally distributed (p < 0.05) in both groups, mainly due to extreme outliers. Therefore, non-parametric tests were applied instead of parametric tests. The Mann-Whitney U test results showed a statistically significant difference in the Ngain_Score between the two groups (U = 322.000, Z = -4.600, p < 0.001). The experimental group had a significantly higher mean rank and greater improvement in physical fitness than the control group. It can be concluded that the developed physical fitness training model is effective and feasible for improving the physical fitness of individuals aged 45–55 years. This model is scientifically based and can be recommended as a practical fitness program for the middle-aged population. **************** Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menguji efektivitas model latihan kebugaran jasmani untuk orang dewasa pertengahan usia 45 hingga 55 tahun. Penelitian menggunakan desain Research and Development (R&D) berdasarkan model Borg and Gall. Sebanyak 80 partisipan yang memenuhi syarat dari Kota Xinxiang, Provinsi Henan dipilih dan dibagi secara acak menjadi kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol, dengan 40 subjek pada setiap kelompok. Intervensi dilaksanakan selama 12 minggu, dengan 3 sesi latihan per minggu dan durasi sekitar 30 menit per sesi. Kelompok eksperimen menerima model latihan kebugaran jasmani yang dirancang secara sistematis, berfokus pada daya tahan kardiopulmonal, kekuatan otot, fleksibilitas, serta keseimbangan dan stabilitas inti, di bawah bimbingan profesional. Kelompok kontrol melakukan program kebugaran komunitas konvensional dengan latihan mandiri dan tanpa bimbingan terarah. Setelah pengumpulan data, tidak ditemukan data yang hilang. Statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, dan uji Shapiro-Wilk menunjukkan bahwa data Ngain_Score indikator kebugaran jasmani pada kedua kelompok tidak berdistribusi normal (p < 0,05), terutama disebabkan oleh outlier ekstrem. Oleh karena itu, uji non-parametrik digunakan sebagai pengganti uji parametrik. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney U menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik pada Ngain_Score antara kedua kelompok (U = 322,000; Z = -4,600; p < 0,001). Kelompok eksperimen memiliki rerata peringkat yang jauh lebih tinggi dan peningkatan kebugaran jasmani yang lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model latihan kebugaran jasmani yang dikembangkan efektif dan layak untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani pada individu berusia 45–55 tahun. Model ini memiliki dasar ilmiah dan dapat direkomendasikan sebagai program kebugaran praktis untuk populasi dewasa pertengahan.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doktor)
Additional Information:	1. Prof. Dr. Widiastuti, M.Pd. 2. Dr. Yasep Setiakarnawijaya, M.Kes.
Subjects:	Olah Raga dan Seni Pertunjukan > Pendidikan Olah Raga
Divisions:	PASCASARJANA > S3 Pendidikan Olahraga
Depositing User:	Shang Yuanfang .
Date Deposited:	01 Apr 2026 03:30
Last Modified:	01 Apr 2026 03:30
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/66066

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