KENDALI ALGORITMA DI BALIK KONTEN “RACUN TIKTOK”: ANALISIS INSTRUMENTARIAN POWER SHOSHANA ZUBOFF PADA MAHASISWA FISH UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA

DEBI RACHMI SAHARANI, . (2026) KENDALI ALGORITMA DI BALIK KONTEN “RACUN TIKTOK”: ANALISIS INSTRUMENTARIAN POWER SHOSHANA ZUBOFF PADA MAHASISWA FISH UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola kerja algoritma TikTok dalam mengasosiasikan konten “Racun TikTok” pada For You Page mahasiswa FISH Universitas Negeri Jakarta, mendeskripsikan kesadaran mahasiswa terhadap asimetri pengetahuan yang dihasilkan oleh sistem rekomendasi algoritma TikTok, serta menganalisis implikasi economies of action melalui mekanisme tuning, herding, dan conditioning dalam konten “Racun TikTok” pada mahasiswa FISH Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed method yang bercondong pada kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus dan netnografi. Pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 12 informan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan keterwakilan satu informan per program studi di FISH UNJ, serta observasi platform menggunakan akun peneliti dan akun informan sebagai bagian dari pendekatan netnografi untuk mengamati dinamika algoritma secara langsung di dalam platform TikTok. Adapun data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui survei terhadap 102 responden mahasiswa FISH UNJ, yang terdiri dari pertanyaan tertutup yang diolah menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif, serta pertanyaan terbuka yang diolah menggunakan metode text mining. Keseluruhan data dianalisis menggunakan triangulasi dari ketiga sumber tersebut dengan menggunakan kerangka instrumentarian power Shoshana Zuboff sebagai pisau analisis utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga temuan utama. Pertama, data implisit seperti riwayat pencarian, durasi menonton, dan kebiasaan scrolling terbukti lebih kuat memengaruhi FYP dibandingkan data eksplisit yang diklaim TikTok, dan paparan Racun TikTok berlangsung dalam siklus berulang yang berkelanjutan. Kedua, mahasiswa menyadari peran algoritma dalam mempersonalisasi FYP, tetapi kesadaran tersebut belum disertai upaya resistensi untuk keluar dari rancangan tersebut. Adapun, respons terhadap paparan konten “Racun TikTok” yang muncul di FYP terbagi menjadi impulsif langsung, impulsif bersyarat, dan rasional. Ketiga, mekanisme tuning, herding, dan conditioning bekerja secara berlapis dalam mempersempit agensi mahasiswa pada level persepsi, ruang pilihan, dan pola tindakan melalui kemudahan, bukan larangan, sehingga mahasiswa merasa bertindak bebas padahal preferensi dan kebiasaan mereka telah dibentuk sistem. ***** This study aims to describe the working patterns of TikTok's algorithm in associating “Racun TikTok” content on the For You Page of Faculty of Social Science and Law (FISH) students at Universitas Negeri Jakarta, to describe students' awareness of the knowledge asymmetry produced by TikTok's algorithmic recommendation system, and to analyze the implications of economies of action through the mechanisms of tuning, herding, and conditioning within “Racun TikTok” content among FISH UNJ students. This study employs Shoshana Zuboff's instrumentarian power framework as its primary analytical lens. This study adopts a mixed method approach with a qualitative orientation, employing case study and netnographic designs. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 12 informants selected via purposive sampling, with one representative per study programme at FISH UNJ, as well as platform observation using both the researcher's and informants' accounts as part of a netnographic approach to directly observe algorithmic dynamics within the TikTok platform. Quantitative data were obtained through a survey of 102 FISH UNJ student respondents, comprising closed-ended questions analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and open-ended questions analyzed using text mining. All data were analyzed through triangulation across the three sources. Three main findings emerged. First, implicit data including search history, watch time, and scrolling habits proved more influential in shaping the For You Page than the explicit data officially claimed by TikTok, with exposure to “Racun TikTok” content occurring in a continuous, self-reinforcing cycle. Second, students demonstrated awareness of the algorithm's role in personalizing their FYP, yet this awareness had not translated into active resistance, with behavioral responses categorized as immediate impulse, conditional impulse, and rational. Third, the mechanisms of tuning, herding, and conditioning operate in overlapping layers to progressively narrow student agency at the levels of perception, choice space, and behavioral patterns, through convenience rather than prohibition, resulting in students perceiving themselves as acting freely while their preferences and habits have already been shaped by the system.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. Asep Suryana, M.Si. ; 2). Atik Kurniawati, M.Si.
Subjects:	Ilmu Sosial > Ilmu Sosial (Umum) Ilmu Sosial > Sosiologi
Divisions:	FIS > S1 Sosiologi
Depositing User:	Users 33988 not found.
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 05:49
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 05:49
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/67123

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