ANALISIS DAYA SAING RCA, EPD, ISP DAN PENDEKATAN GRAVITY MODEL TERHADAP EKSPOR CPO INDONESIA DENGAN NEGARA KOMPETITOR MALAYSIA DI PASAR TUJUAN EKSPOR CHINA DAN INDIA

NISSA NUR AWALIYAH, . (2025) ANALISIS DAYA SAING RCA, EPD, ISP DAN PENDEKATAN GRAVITY MODEL TERHADAP EKSPOR CPO INDONESIA DENGAN NEGARA KOMPETITOR MALAYSIA DI PASAR TUJUAN EKSPOR CHINA DAN INDIA. Magister thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Analisis Daya Saing (RCA, EPD, ISP) Dan Pendekatan Gravity Model Terhadap Ekspor CPO Indonesia Dengan Negara Kompetitor Malaysia Di Pasar Tujuan Ekspor China Dan India. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), metode Export Dynamic Product (EPD), metode Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan (ISP). Analisis determinan menggunakan metode regresi data panel yang di olah menggunakan Eviews 12. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan dua negara kompetitor yaitu Indonesia dan Malaysia serta dua negara tujuan ekspor yaitu China dan India pada tahun 2008 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini bersumber dari UN Comtrade, Trading Economic, Time and date, World Development Indicators, World Bank, penelitian terdahulu, jurnal-jurnal penelitian, buku serta literatur lainnya yang berkaitan dengan daya saing. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah RCA Indonesia di pasar China dan India menjadi penguasa yang lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan negara kompetitornya Malaysia dengan nilai RCA di atas satu. EPD g Indonesia berada di posisi rising star di Pasar China. Namun, pada tahun 2015, 2018, dan 2022 menunjukkan Indonesia berasa di posisi retreat. Sementara negara pesaing Malaysia secara rata-rata juga berada di posisi rising star di pasar China. Namun, berada di posisi retreat pada tahun 2017, 2018, 2021, dan 2022 di pasar China. Sedangkan untuk pasar India selama periode 2008 hingga 2023 Indonesia dan Malaysia selalu bertahan di posisi rising star. ISP Indonesia secara konsisten menunjukkan nilai ISP yang tinggi untuk komoditas CPO dengan peran sebagai net exportir di pasar tujuan ekspor China dan India. Sebaliknya, Malaysia mengalami fluktuasi dalam nilai ISP komoditas CPO. Hasil analisis determinan jarak ekonomi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia di Pasar ekspor China dan India. Sementara itu, jarak ekonomi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada tingkat keyakinan 10% dan tidak signifikan sebesar 5% terhadap volume ekspor CPO Malaysia di Pasar ekspor China dan India. Harga CPO internasional berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia di Pasar ekspor China dan India. Sementara itu, harga CPO Internasional berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Malaysia di Pasar ekspor China dan India. Kurs berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia di Pasar China dan India. Kurs juga berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Malaysia di Pasar China dan India. PDB riil negara tujuan ekspor berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia di Pasar China dan India. PDB riil negara tujuan ekspor juga berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Malaysia di Pasar China dan India.*****This study aims to Competitiveness Analysis (RCA, EPD, ISP) and Gravity Model Approach to Indonesian CPO Exports with Competitor Malaysia in China and India Export Destination Markets. This research uses the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, Export Dynamic Product (EPD) method, Trade Specialization Index (ISP) method. This study uses secondary data with two competitor countries, namely Indonesia and Malaysia and two export destination countries, namely China and India from 2008 to 2023. This research is sourced from UN Comtrade, Trading Economic, Time and date, World Development Indicators, World Bank, previous research, research journals, books and other literature related to competitiveness. The result of this study is that Indonesia's RCA in the China and India markets is superior to its competitor Malaysia with an RCA value above one. EPD Indonesia is in a rising star position in the China Market. However, in 2015, 2018, and 2022, it shows that Indonesia is in a retreat position. While Malaysia's competitor countries on average are also in the rising star position in the Chinese market. However, it is in a retreat position in 2017, 2018, 2021, and 2022 in the Chinese market. As for the Indian market during the period 2008 to 2023, Indonesia and Malaysia always remain in the rising star position. Indonesia's ISP consistently shows a high ISP value for CPO commodities with a role as a net exporter in the export destination markets of China and India. In contrast, Malaysia experienced fluctuations in the ISP value of CPO commodities. The results of the analysis of the determinants of economic distance have a positive and significant effect on the volume of Indonesian CPO exports in the China and India export markets. Meanwhile, economic distance has a positive and significant effect at the 10% confidence level and is not significant at 5% on the export volume of Malaysian CPO in China and India export markets. International CPO price has a negative and significant effect on the export volume of Indonesian CPO in China and India export markets. Meanwhile, international CPO prices have a negative and insignificant effect on the export volume of Malaysian CPO in China and India export markets. The exchange rate has a negative and significant effect on the export volume of Indonesian CPO in China and India. The exchange rate also has a negative and significant effect on the export volume of Malaysian CPO in China and India. The real GDP of export destination countries has a positive and insignificant effect on the volume of Indonesian CPO exports in the China and India markets. The real GDP of export destination countries also has a positive and insignificant effect on the export volume of Malaysian CPO in the China and India Markets.

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Additional Information:	1). Prof. Dr. Harya Kuncara Wiralaga, M.Si. ; 2). Dr. Karuniana Dianta AS, SIP, ME.
Subjects:	Ilmu Sosial > Teori Ekonomi Ilmu Sosial > Perdagangan, e-commerce
Divisions:	FE > S2 Pendidikan Ekonomi
Depositing User:	Nissa Nur Awaliyah .
Date Deposited:	21 Aug 2025 07:20
Last Modified:	21 Aug 2025 07:20
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/61830

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