PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI BERBASIS PROJEK BERBANTUAN MEDIA VIRTUAL REALITY TOUR DI SMP

RATNA FRIYANDINI, . (2026) PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI BERBASIS PROJEK BERBANTUAN MEDIA VIRTUAL REALITY TOUR DI SMP. Magister thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi murid SMP yang ditunjukkan oleh keterbatasan dalam mengembangkan ide, penggunaan kosakata deskriptif, penyusunan struktur teks, serta kemampuan menggambarkan objek secara rinci dan konkret. Kondisi tersebut diperkuat oleh hasil analisis kebutuhan yang menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran masih didominasi metode konvensional dan belum memanfaatkan media yang mampu memberikan pengalaman observasi yang autentik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran menulis teks deskripsi berbasis Project Based Learning berbantuan Virtual Reality Tour (PjBL–VRT) yang layak, praktis, dan efektif digunakan pada jenjang SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang meliputi tahap Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas murid dan pendidik SMP di Jakarta. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket, wawancara, observasi, validasi ahli, serta tes keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Efektivitas model diuji menggunakan paired sample t-test dan perhitungan N-Gain berdasarkan hasil pretes dan postes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model PjBL–VRT yang dikembangkan memiliki sintaks berupa orientasi proyek, perencanaan proyek, eksplorasi visual melalui VRT, penyusunan teks deskripsi, publikasi hasil proyek, dan refleksi. Hasil validasi ahli menunjukkan bahwa model berada pada kategori sangat layak untuk digunakan. Implementasi model menunjukkan keterlaksanaan yang baik serta memperoleh respons positif dari murid dan pendidik. Hasil uji efektivitas menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi yang signifikan dengan nilai signifikansi p < 0,001 dan nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,60 yang termasuk kategori sedang. Peningkatan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa model PjBL–VRT efektif membantu murid mengembangkan ide, memperkaya kosakata, menyusun struktur teks secara runtut, serta menghasilkan deskripsi yang lebih rinci dan komunikatif. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran menulis teks deskripsi berbasis PjBL–VRT terbukti layak, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMP serta berpotensi mendukung penguatan literasi, kreativitas, kolaborasi, dan literasi digital murid sesuai tuntutan pembelajaran abad ke-21. ***** This research is motivated by the low descriptive text writing skills of junior high school students, demonstrated by limitations in developing ideas, using descriptive vocabulary, structuring texts, and describing objects in detail and concretely. This condition is reinforced by the results of a needs analysis, which indicates that learning is still dominated by conventional methods and does not utilize media capable of providing authentic observational experiences. This study aims to develop a project-based descriptive text writing learning model assisted by Virtual Reality Tours (PjBL-VRT) that is feasible, practical, and effective for use in junior high school. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The research subjects consisted of junior high school students and teachers in Jakarta. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations, expert validation, and descriptive text writing skills tests. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The effectiveness of the model was tested using a paired sample t-test and N-Gain calculations based on the results of the pretest and posttest. The results showed that the developed PjBL–VRT model has a syntax in the form of project orientation, project planning, visual exploration through Virtual Reality Tour, descriptive text preparation, publication of project results, and reflection. The results of expert validation showed that the model was in the very feasible category for use. The implementation of the model showed good implementation and received positive responses from students and educators. The results of the effectiveness test showed a significant increase in descriptive text writing skills with a significance value of p < 0.001 and an N-Gain value of 0.60 which is included in the moderate category. This increase indicates that the PjBL–VRT model is effective in helping students develop ideas, enrich vocabulary, structure texts coherently, and produce more detailed and communicative descriptions. Thus, the Project-Based Learning-assisted Virtual Reality Tour (PjBL-VRT) descriptive text writing learning model has proven feasible, practical, and effective for use in Indonesian language learning in junior high schools and has the potential to support strengthening students' literacy, creativity, collaboration, and digital literacy in accordance with the demands of 21st-century learning.

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Additional Information:	1) Dr. Reni Nur Eriyani, M.Pd. 2) Dr. Edi Puryanto, M.Pd.
Subjects:	Bahasa dan Kesusastraan > Bahasa Indonesia
Divisions:	FBS > S2 Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia
Depositing User:	Ratna Friyandini .
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2026 02:43
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2026 02:43
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/70771

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