PENGARUH PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA KARYAWAN PERUSAHAAN RITEL

RIEVO ALVARO AKBAR, . (2026) PENGARUH PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA KARYAWAN PERUSAHAAN RITEL. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Industri ritel menghadapi perubahan pasar, tekanan target, sistem kerja multiperan, serta kebutuhan koordinasi lintas fungsi. Kondisi ini menuntut karyawan adaptif, proaktif, dan bersedia berkontribusi di luar tugas formal agar operasional tetap efektif (Sarwono et al., 2026; Puspita, 2024). Namun, studi pendahuluan pada salah satu perusahaan ritel menunjukkan bahwa hambatan komunikasi dan koordinasi lintas fungsi konsisten termasuk tiga besar keluhan karyawan serta mengganggu alur pekerjaan antardivisi. Fenomena tersebut dapat menghambat perilaku saling membantu, pertukaran informasi, inisiatif, dan partisipasi karyawan, padahal perilaku tersebut merupakan bentuk Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) yang penting bagi efektivitas perusahaan (Organ, 1994). Karena OCB bersifat sukarela dan tidak dapat dibentuk hanya melalui aturan formal, Psychological Empowerment penting dikaji sebagai kondisi psikologis yang membuat karyawan merasa pekerjaannya bermakna, kompeten, memiliki otonomi, dan memberikan dampak (Spreitzer, 1995). Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh Psychological Empowerment terhadap OCB pada karyawan perusahaan ritel. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional terhadap 253 karyawan yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. OCB diukur menggunakan instrumen adaptasi Tawil (2022) berdasarkan konsep Organ, sedangkan Psychological Empowerment diukur menggunakan Psychological Empowerment Scale yang diadaptasi dari konsep Spreitzer (1995). Data dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson Product Moment dan regresi linear sederhana (Ghozali, 2021). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Psychological Empowerment berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap OCB (β = 0,968; p < 0,001), dengan R² sebesar 0,936. Hubungan kedua variabel sangat kuat dan signifikan (r = 0,968; p < 0,001). Temuan ini menegaskan peran Psychological Empowerment dalam mendorong kontribusi sukarela karyawan ritel. ***** The retail industry faces rapid market changes, target pressures, multi-role work arrangements, and a high demand for cross-functional coordination. These conditions require employees to be adaptive, proactive, and willing to contribute beyond their formal job responsibilities to maintain operational effectiveness (Sarwono et al., 2026; Puspita, 2024). However, a preliminary study conducted at a retail company showed that barriers to cross-functional communication and coordination consistently ranked among the top three employee complaints and disrupted workflows across divisions. This phenomenon may hinder helping behaviours, information exchange, initiative, and employee participation, although these behaviours represent Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), which is essential for organizational effectiveness (Organ, 1994). Since OCB is voluntary and cannot be developed solely through formal rules, Psychological Empowerment is important to examine as a psychological condition in which employees perceive their work as meaningful, feel competent, possess autonomy, and believe that their contributions have an impact (Spreitzer, 1995). This study aimed to examine the effect of Psychological Empowerment on OCB among employees of retail companies. A quantitative correlational approach was employed involving 253 employees selected through purposive sampling. OCB was measured using an instrument adapted by Tawil (2022) based on Organ’s concept, whereas Psychological Empowerment was measured using the Psychological Empowerment Scale adapted from Spreitzer’s (1995) concept. Data were analysed using Pearson Product Moment correlation and simple linear regression analysis (Ghozali, 2021). The results showed that Psychological Empowerment had a positive and significant effect on OCB (β = 0.968; p < 0.001), with an R² of 0.936. The relationship between the two variables was also very strong and significant (r = 0.968; p < 0.001). These findings highlight the role of Psychological Empowerment in encouraging voluntary contributions among retail employees.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Liza Yudhita Widyastuti, M.Psi., Psikolog.; 2). Lupi Yudhaningrum, M.Psi., Psikolog.
Subjects:	Filsafat, Psikologi & Agama > Psikologi, Ilmu Jiwa Manajemen > Manajemen Kantor, Organisasi Manajemen > Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia
Divisions:	FPPsi > S1 Psikologi
Depositing User:	Rievo Alvaro Akbar .
Date Deposited:	14 Aug 2026 07:05
Last Modified:	14 Aug 2026 07:05
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/71212

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