PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS IPA SISWA KELAS V SD

PUTRI DAMAYANTI ARDY ASTUTI, . (2026) PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS IPA SISWA KELAS V SD. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kompetensi penting yang perlu dikembangkan pada peserta didik sekolah dasar dalam pembelajaran IPA. Namun, hasil observasi di kelas V menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa belum berkembang secara optimal. Siswa masih cenderung menjawab pertanyaan yang bersifat mengingat dibandingkan pertanyaan yang menuntut kemampuan analisis, evaluasi, dan pemberian alasan secara logis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan model pembelajaran yang mampu melibatkan siswa secara aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis IPA siswa kelas V sekolah dasar pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode pre-experimental melalui desain One Group Pretest–Posttest Design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 28 siswa kelas V SDN Sukapura 01 Jakarta Utara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan tes uraian berdasarkan enam indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis menurut Facione, yaitu interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, inferensi, eksplanasi, dan regulasi diri. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, paired sample t-test, dan uji effect size. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa setelah penerapan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament. Hasil paired sample t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pretest dan posttest, sedangkan hasil effect size menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran TGT memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis IPA siswa. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament dapat direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu alternatif model pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar pada pembelajaran IPA. Kata Kunci: berpikir kritis, IPA, sekolah dasar, team games tournament, pembelajaran kooperatif ***** Critical thinking skills are one of the essential competencies that elementary school students need to develop in the 21st century, particularly in science learning. However, classroom observations indicated that fifth-grade students' critical thinking skills had not yet developed optimally. Students tended to answer questions requiring recall rather than analysis, evaluation, and logical reasoning. Therefore, an instructional model capable of actively engaging students throughout the learning process is needed. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Cooperative Learning Model of the Team Games Tournament (TGT) type on the science critical thinking skills of fifth-grade elementary school students in learning the human digestive system. The study employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pretest–Posttest Design. The participants consisted of 28 fifth-grade students at SDN Sukapura 01, North Jakarta. Data were collected using essay tests based on six indicators of critical thinking according to Facione: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, paired sample t-tests, and effect size analysis. The findings indicated a significant improvement in students' critical thinking skills after implementing the Team Games Tournament learning model. The paired sample t-test demonstrated a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores, while the calculated effect size showed that the model had a substantial influence on improving students' science critical thinking skills. Therefore, the Team Games Tournament learning model can be recommended as an alternative instructional strategy to improve elementary school students' critical thinking skills in science learning. Keywords: cooperative learning, critical thinking, elementary school, science learning, team games tournament.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. Endang Wahyudiana, M.Pd.; 2). Prof. Dr. Gusti Yarmi, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Subjects:	Pendidikan > Pendidikan Dasar Sains > Sains, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Divisions:	FIP > S1 Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar
Depositing User:	Putri Damayanti Ardy Astuti .
Date Deposited:	17 Sep 2026 03:38
Last Modified:	17 Sep 2026 03:38
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/73897

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