KEMAMPUAN KHAMIR ASAL BIJI COKLAT (Theobroma cacao L.) SENTUL HASIL FERMENTASI SEBAGAI AGEN PROBIOTIK

SITI NURKHASANAH, . (2022) KEMAMPUAN KHAMIR ASAL BIJI COKLAT (Theobroma cacao L.) SENTUL HASIL FERMENTASI SEBAGAI AGEN PROBIOTIK. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Probiotik merupakan mikroorganisme yang apabila diberikan dalam jumlah yang memadai, akan memberikan manfaat kesehatan pada inangnya. Mikroorganisme probiotik dapat berasal dari khamir. Khamir dapat ditemukan pada produk fermentasi salah satunya fermentasi biji coklat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat khamir asal biji coklat Sentul hasil fermentasi sebagai agen probiotik dan identitasnya. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah isolat khamir UNJCC asal biji coklat Sentul hasil fermentasi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen untuk uji toleransi asam lambung pH 2 (3 jam) dan garam empedu (0%, 0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, dan 2%) dan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Listeria monocytogenes dan Salmonella enteritidis. Metode deskriptif digunakan untuk analisis morfologi khamir secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik, identifikasi molekular khamir, dan uji hemolitik. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA dua arah serta dilanjutkan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5%. Hasil skrining khamir pada suhu 37 °C dan pH 2 didapatkan 10 isolat khamir yang mampu tumbuh. Uji dilanjutkan terhadap 3 isolat yaitu C6.4.4 ( UNJCC Y-155), C6.4.12 (UNJCC Y-156), dan C6.5.6 (UNJCC Y-157) yang dipilih berdasarkan perbedaan morfologi. Hasil identifikasi daerah D1/D2 rDNA dengan primer NL1 dan NL4 diperoleh identitas UNJCC Y-155 sebagai Pichia kudriavzevii (homologi 99,75%), UNJCC Y-156 sebagai Pichia kudriavzevii (homologi 99,82%) dan UNJCC Y-157 sebagai Pichia cecembensis (homologi 97,81%). Uji toleransi asam lambung pH 2 selama 3 jam dan garam empedu menunjukkan semua isolat dapat bertahan hidup dengan persentase bertahan hidup diatas 70%. Isolat P. cecembensis UNJCC Y-157 memiliki persentase bertahan hidup terbaik yaitu 95,89% pada paparan garam empedu 2%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan semua isolat dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri L. monocytogenes dan S. enteritidis. Uji aktivitas hemolitik menunjukkan semua isolat tidak melisiskan sel darah merah pada media uji blood agar. Berdasarkan seluruh uji yang dilakukan sebagai syarat probiotik seluruh isolat berpotensi sebagai mikroorganisme probiotik. Probiotics are microorganisms which, when administered in sufficient quantities, provide health benefits to the host. Probiotic microorganisms can come from yeast. Yeast can be found in fermented products, one of which is cocoa bean fermentation. The aim of the study was to obtain yeast isolates from Sentul cocoa beans fermented as probiotic agents and their identity. The sample used in this study was UNJCC yeast isolate from fermentation of cacao beans from Sentul. The method used is an experimental method to tolerance of gastric acid pH 2 (3 hours) and bile salts test (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) and antibacterial activity test against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteritidis and descriptive methods were used for macroscopic and microscopic analysis of yeast morphology, yeast molecular identification, and hemolytic test. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) and analyzed using two-way ANOVA and continued with the 5% Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). There were 10 isolates that were able to grow at 37 °C and pH 2. The test was continued on 3 isolates, namely C6.4.4 (UNJCC Y-155), C6.4.12 (UNJCC Y-156), and C6.5.6 (UNJCC Y-157) which were selected based on morphological differences. The results of identification of the D1/D2 rDNA region with primers NL1 and NL4 obtained the identity of UNJCC Y-155 as Pichia kudriavzevii (homology 99.75%), UNJCC Y-156 as Pichia kudriavzevii (homology 99.82%) and UNJCC Y-157 as Pichia cecembensis (homology 97.81%). Tolerance test of gastric acid pH 2 for 3 hours and bile salts showed that all isolates could survive with survival percentage up to 70%. The isolate of P. cecembensis UNJCC Y-157 had the highest survival rate 95.89% on exposure to 2% bile salts. Antibacterial activity test showed that all isolates could inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes and S. enteritidis. Hemolytic activity test showed that all isolates did not lyse red blood cells with blood agar test media. Based on all the tests carried out as probiotic requirements, all isolates had the potential as probiotic microorganisms.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Dr. Dalia Sukmawati, M.Si. ; 2). Ns. Sri Rahayu, S.Kep., M.Biomed.
Subjects:	Sains > Ilmu Bumi > Biologi Sains > Mikro Biologi
Divisions:	FMIPA > S1 Biologi
Depositing User:	Users 13809 not found.
Date Deposited:	02 Mar 2022 22:30
Last Modified:	02 Mar 2022 22:30
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/23146

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