PENGARUH KEBISINGAN PERKOTAAN TERHADAP PEMILIHAN SITUS MERAMBAN KELELAWAR DI TAMAN KOTA JAKARTA MELALUI PEMANTAUAN AKUSTIK PASIF

VIONA WINDHIANTY, . (2025) PENGARUH KEBISINGAN PERKOTAAN TERHADAP PEMILIHAN SITUS MERAMBAN KELELAWAR DI TAMAN KOTA JAKARTA MELALUI PEMANTAUAN AKUSTIK PASIF. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Kebisingan perkotaan dapat mengganggu aktivitas meramban atau mencari makan kelelawar melalui mekanisme masking akustik, yaitu tumpang tindih frekuensi suara antropogenik dengan sinyal ekolokasi, sehingga kelelawar cenderung memilih lokasi yang lebih tenang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebisingan perkotaan terhadap pemilihan situs meramban kelelawar di taman kota Jakarta melalui pemantauan akustik pasif. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2025 di empat taman kota di DKI Jakarta melalui pemantauan akustik pasif menggunakan perangkat AudioMoth dengan dua titik perekaman berdasarkan tingkat kebisingan. Perekaman suara dilakukan selama dua malam berturut-turut di setiap titik, dari pukul 18.00 hingga 06.00 WIB keesokan harinya. Data rekaman dideteksi menggunakan aplikasi Raven Pro, jenis kelelawar diidentifikasi dengan machine learning Borneo Bat Calls (BBC), dan nilai kebisingan diukur dengan indeks antroPhscalar Acoustic energy in the anthropophonic bandwidth dalam indeks NDSI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 10 jenis dan sonotipe kelelawar berhasil terdeteksi, lima di antaranya berhasil diidentifikasi hingga tingkat jenis, yaitu Scotophilus kuhlii, Pipistrellus tenuis, Eonycteris spelaea, Rhinolophus luctus, dan Rhinolophus philippinensis. Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara suara antropogenik dan jumlah jenis kelelawar yang aktif melakukan meramban (R = - 0,28 ; p < 0,05). Semakin tinggi nilai antroPhscalar, maka semakin sedikit jumlah jenis kelelawar yang terdeteksi. Jenis seperti R. luctus dan R. philippinensis hanya ditemukan di area tenang, menandakan sensitivitas terhadap gangguan suara.***** Urban noise can disrupt bat foraging activity through acoustic masking, in which the frequency of anthropogenic sounds overlaps with echolocation signals, causing bats to prefer quieter locations instead. This study aimed to analyze the impact of urban noise on bat foraging site selection in Jakarta’s urban parks using passive acoustic monitoring. The research was conducted from May to June 2025 on four urban parks in Jakarta through passive acoustic monitoring using AudioMoth devices, with two recording points at each site differentiated by noise levels. Recordings were recorded for two consecutive nights at each point, from 18:00 to 06:00 in the following morning. processed using Raven Pro to detect bat calls, species were identified using the Borneo Bat Calls (BBC) machine learning model, and noise levels were quantified using the anthroPhscalar Acoustic Energy in the anthropophonic bandwidth within the NDSI index. The results detected ten bat species and sonotypes, five of which were identified to the species level: Scotophilus kuhlii, Pipistrellus tenuis, Eonycteris spelaea, Rhinolophus luctus, and Rhinolophus philippinensis. The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant relationship between anthropogenic noise and the number of bat species actively foraging (R = –0.28; p < 0.05). Higher antroPhscalar values were associated with fewer detected species. Species such as Rhinolophus luctus and Rhinolophus philippinensis were recorded only in quiet areas, indicating their sensitivity to noise disturbance.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Mohamad Isnin Noer, M.Si. 2). Vina Rizkawati, M.Sc.
Subjects:	Sains > Sains, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Sains > Zoologi
Divisions:	FMIPA > S1 Biologi
Depositing User:	Viona Windhianty .
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2025 03:17
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2025 03:17
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/61905

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