PERAN INVESTIGASI KEBAKARAN TERHADAP ANALISIS PENGGANTIAN KERUGIAN DI DUNIA ASURANSI STUDI KASUS: GUDANG PLASTIK PT.X

VARA AZZAHRA, . (2025) PERAN INVESTIGASI KEBAKARAN TERHADAP ANALISIS PENGGANTIAN KERUGIAN DI DUNIA ASURANSI STUDI KASUS: GUDANG PLASTIK PT.X. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran investigasi kebakaran dalam proses verifikasi klaim asuransi kebakaran, khususnya pada kasus gudang plastik PT.X di Tangerang. Masalah utama yang diangkat adalah adanya potensi moral hazard dan tindakan fraud yang dapat mempengaruhi validitas klaim, serta pentingnya analisis teknis kebakaran sebagai dasar objektif penilaian kerugian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Cold Case Explanatory Case Study. Objek penelitian adalah kasus kebakaran gudang plastik PT X di Tangerang, yang telah selesai secara administratif namun dikaji ulang secara ilmiah untuk menelusuri hubungan sebabakibat antara hasil investigasi kebakaran, bukti teknis laboratorium, dan keputusan klaim asuransi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara dokumen klaim dengan bukti teknis di lapangan. Temuan penting meliputi tidak ditemukannya residu plastik dalam truk yang diklaim bermuatan enam ton, ketiadaan sisa perangkat elektronik yang dinyatakan terbakar, serta kabel listrik yang telah diputus sebelum kejadian. Uji laboratorium memperkuat indikasi overclaim dan rekayasa klaim, sehingga klaim tidak dapat dibayarkan sepenuhnya. Investigasi kebakaran berperan strategis dalam menegakkan prinsip asuransi, terutama utmost good faith, indemnity, dan proximate cause, dengan cara membatasi klaim hanya pada kerugian yang sahih dan terbukti secara teknis. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa investigasi kebakaran tidak hanya berfungsi untuk menentukan penyebab kebakaran, tetapi juga sebagai instrumen penting dalam menjaga keadilan penggantian kerugian serta mencegah kecurangan dalam industri asuransi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi praktis bagi perusahaan asuransi, loss adjuster, serta akademisi dalam memperkuat sistem verifikasi klaim berbasis bukti ilmiah. Kata Kunci: Investigasi Kebakaran, Klaim Asuransi, Fraud, Moral Hazard, FTIR, TGA, GC-MS, SEM ***** This study aims to explain the role of fire investigation in the verification process of fire insurance claims, particularly in the case of the PT X plastic warehouse fire in Tangerang. The main issue addressed is the potential presence of moral hazard and fraudulent actions that may affect the validity of claims, as well as the importance of technical fire analysis as an objective basis for loss assessment. The research employs a Cold Case Explanatory Case Study approach. The object of the study is the PT X plastic warehouse fire case in Tangerang, which was administratively closed but re-examined scientifically to trace the causal relationship between fire investigation findings, laboratory evidence, and the insurance claim decision. The results indicate inconsistencies between claim documents and technical evidence from the field. Key findings include the absence of plastic residue in the truck claimed to carry six tons of goods, the lack of remaining electronic devices reportedly destroyed in the fire, and electrical cables that had been deliberately cut prior to the incident. Laboratory analyses further reinforced indications of overclaim and claim manipulation, resulting in partial claim rejection. Fire investigation plays a strategic role in upholding insurance principles—particularly utmost good faith, indemnity, and proximate cause by ensuring that only legitimate, technically verified losses are compensated. The study concludes that fire investigation serves not only to determine the cause of fire but also as a crucial instrument in ensuring fair loss compensation and preventing fraud within the insurance industry. The findings are expected to provide practical insights for insurance companies, loss adjusters, and academics in strengthening evidence-based claim verification systems. Keywords: Fire Investigation, Insurance Claim, Fraud, Moral Hazard, FTIR, TGA, GC-MS, SEM.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Additional Information:	1). Fransisca Maria Farida, S.T., M.T. ; 2). Dr. Ir. Adrianus Pangaribuan, M.T., PFE., CFEI.
Subjects:	Karya Umum > Karya Tulis Perguruan TInggi
Divisions:	FT > S1 Rekayasa Keselamatan Kebakaran
Depositing User:	Users 31700 not found.
Date Deposited:	21 Oct 2025 07:13
Last Modified:	21 Oct 2025 07:13
URI:	http://repository.unj.ac.id/id/eprint/62734

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